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The red data curve is approximated by the straight black line. In electrical engineering and control theory, a Bode plot (/ ˈboʊdi / BOH-dee) is a graph of the frequency response of a system. It is usually a combination of a Bode magnitude plot, expressing the magnitude (usually in decibels) of the frequency response, and a Bode phase plot ...
The following Common Lisp code implements the aforementioned formula: ( defun integrate-composite-booles-rule ( f a b n ) "Calculates the composite Boole's rule numerical integral of the function F in the closed interval extending from inclusive A to inclusive B across N subintervals."
The Stokes number is defined as the ratio of the characteristic time of a particle (or droplet) to a characteristic time of the flow or of an obstacle, or. where is the relaxation time of the particle (the time constant in the exponential decay of the particle velocity due to drag), is the fluid velocity of the flow well away from the obstacle ...
Titius–Bode law. The Titius–Bode law (sometimes termed simply Bode's law) is a formulaic prediction of spacing between planets in any given planetary system. The formula suggests that, extending outward, each planet should be approximately twice as far from the Sun as the one before. The hypothesis correctly anticipated the orbits of Ceres ...
Dielectric spectroscopy (which falls in a subcategory of the impedance spectroscopy) measures the dielectric properties of a medium as a function of frequency. [2][3][4][5] It is based on the interaction of an external field with the electric dipole moment of the sample, often expressed by permittivity. It is also an experimental method of ...
The cutoff frequency is the critical frequency between propagation and attenuation, which corresponds to the frequency at which the longitudinal wavenumber is zero. It is given by The wave equations are also valid below the cutoff frequency, where the longitudinal wave number is imaginary. In this case, the field decays exponentially along the ...
Figure 5: Bode gain plot to find phase margin; scales are logarithmic, so labeled separations are multiplicative factors. For example, f 0 dB = βA 0 × f 1. Next, the choice of pole ratio τ 1 /τ 2 is related to the phase margin of the feedback amplifier. [9] The procedure outlined in the Bode plot article is followed. Figure 5 is the Bode ...
Phase margin and gain margin are two measures of stability for a feedback control system. They indicate how much the gain or the phase of the system can vary before it becomes unstable. Phase margin is the difference (expressed as a positive number) between 180° and the phase shift where the magnitude of the loop transfer function is 0 dB.