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Thus, if there is a question of papilledema on fundoscopic examination or if the optic disc cannot be adequately visualized, ultrasound can be used to rapidly assess for increased intracranial pressure and help direct further evaluation and intervention. Unilateral papilledema can suggest a disease in the eye itself, such as an optic nerve glioma.
In patients with headaches, the finding of swollen optic discs (papilledema) on ophthalmoscopy is a key sign indicating raised intracranial pressure, which may be due to conditions such as hydrocephalus, benign intracranial hypertension (pseudotumor cerebri), and brain tumors. In glaucoma, cupped optic discs are seen.
The optic cup is the white, cup-like area in the center of the optic disc. [1] The ratio of the size of the optic cup to the optic disc (cup-to-disc ratio, or C/D) is one measure used in the diagnosis of glaucoma. Different C/Ds can be measured horizontally or vertically in the same patient. C/Ds vary widely in healthy individuals.
Glaucoma: A group of eye diseases that can cause vision loss due to damage to the optic nerve, generally from increased intraocular pressure. Changes on ophthalmologic exam include deepening and enlargement of the optic cup (leading to a high cup/disc ratio), a more vertical oval optic cup shape, pallor of the disc, and an increase in the blood ...
Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases that can lead to damage of the optic nerve. The optic nerve transmits visual information from the eye to the brain. Glaucoma may cause vision loss if left untreated. It has been called the "silent thief of sight" because the loss of vision usually occurs slowly over a long period of time. [5]
Low-tension glaucoma MH Macular hole MI Myocardial infarction MS Multiple sclerosis NIDDM Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus NRR Neuro-retinal rim NS Nuclear sclerosis: NTG Normal tension glaucoma: PDR Proliferative diabetic retinopathy PDT Photodynamic therapy: PK Penetrating keratoplasy: POAG Primary open-angle glaucoma PPDR
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