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For Japanese verbs, the verb stem remains invariant among all conjugations. However, conjugation patterns vary according to a verb's category. For example, 知る (shiru) and 着る (kiru) belong to different verb categories (godan and ichidan, respectively) and therefore follow different conjugation patterns. As such, knowing a verb's category ...
Sometimes categorization is expanded to include a third category of irregular verbs—which most notably include the verbs する (suru, to do) and 来る (kuru, to come). Classical Japanese had more verb groups, such as bigrade verbs (二段動詞, nidan-dōshi) [5] and quadrigrade verbs (四段動詞, yodan-dōshi), [6] [7] which are archaic ...
Verbs and adjectives being closely related is unusual from the perspective of English, but is a common case across languages generally, and one may consider Japanese adjectives as a kind of stative verb. Japanese vocabulary has a large layer of Chinese loanwords, nearly all of which go back more than one thousand years, yet virtually none of ...
Japanese irregular verbs. Japanese verb conjugation is very regular, as is usual for an agglutinative language, but there are a number of exceptions. The best-known irregular verbs (不規則動詞[citation needed], fukisoku dōshi) are the common verbs する suru "do" and 来る kuru "come", sometimes categorized as the two Group 3 verbs.
Japanese also has a huge number of compound verbs to express concepts that are described in English using a verb and an adverbial particle (e.g. tobidasu "to fly out, to flee", from tobu "to fly, to jump" + dasu "to put out, to emit"). There are three types of adjectives (see Japanese adjectives):
Old Japanese had a richer system of verbal suffixes than later forms of Japanese. [118] Old Japanese verbs used inflection for modal and conjunctional purposes. [119] Other categories, such as voice, tense, aspect and mood, were expressed by using optional suffixed auxiliaries, which were also inflected. [120]
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In linguistics, a compound verb or complex predicate is a multi- word compound that functions as a single verb. One component of the compound is a light verb or vector, which carries any inflections, indicating tense, mood, or aspect, but provides only fine shades of meaning. The other, "primary", component is a verb or noun which carries most ...