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Heinrich Hermann Robert Koch (/ k ɒ x / KOKH; [1] [2] German: [ˈʁoːbɛʁt ˈkɔx] ⓘ; 11 December 1843 – 27 May 1910) was a German physician and microbiologist.As the discoverer of the specific causative agents of deadly infectious diseases including tuberculosis, cholera and anthrax, he is regarded as one of the main founders of modern bacteriology.
The evolution of bacteria has progressed over billions of years since the Precambrian time with their first major divergence from the archaeal/eukaryotic lineage roughly 3.2-3.5 billion years ago. [1] [2] This was discovered through gene sequencing of bacterial nucleoids to reconstruct their phylogeny.
Griffith's experiment discovering the "transforming principle" in Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcal) bacteria. Griffith's experiment, [1] performed by Frederick Griffith and reported in 1928, [2] was the first experiment suggesting that bacteria are capable of transferring genetic information through a process known as transformation.
2012: Higgs boson is discovered at CERN (confirmed to 99.999% certainty) 2012: Photonic molecules are discovered at MIT; 2014: Exotic hadrons are discovered at the LHCb; 2014: Photonic metamaterials are discovered to make passive daytime radiative cooling possible by Raman et al. [135] [136] 2016: The LIGO team detects gravitational waves from ...
He repeated the experiment with the same bacteria-killing results. He later recounted his experience: When I woke up just after dawn on September 28, 1928, I certainly didn't plan to revolutionize all medicine by discovering the world's first antibiotic, or bacteria killer. But I suppose that was exactly what I did. [9]
The second half of the 20th century was the golden age of virus discovery and most of the 2,000 recognised species of animal, plant, and bacterial viruses were discovered during these years. [ 58 ] [ 59 ] In 1946, bovine virus diarrhea was discovered, [ 60 ] which is still possibly the most common pathogen of cattle throughout the world [ 61 ...
In 1915, British bacteriologist Frederick W. Twort discovered a small agent that infects and kills bacteria, but did not pursue the issue further. Independently, the discovery of "an invisible, antagonistic microbe of the dysentery bacillus" by d'Hérelle was announced on 3 September 1917. The isolation of phages by d'Herelle works like this:
The first recombinant DNA molecule was created by Paul Berg in 1972 when he combined DNA from the monkey virus SV40 with that of the lambda phage. [12] Experiments on hereditary material during the time of the Hershey–Chase experiment often used bacteriophages as a model organism.