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Ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP), also known as ciguatera, is a foodborne illness caused by eating reef fish contaminated with ciguatoxins. [ 4 ] [ 2 ] Such individual fish are said to be ciguatoxic . Symptoms may include diarrhea , vomiting, numbness, itchiness, sensitivity to hot and cold, dizziness , and weakness.
Such poisoning from ciguatoxins is known as ciguatera. Ciguatoxins are lipophilic , able to cross the blood–brain barrier , and can cause both central and peripheral neurologic symptoms. The major symptoms will develop within 1–3 hours of toxin ingestion: vomiting, diarrhea, numbness of extremities, mouth and lips, reversal of hot and cold ...
Symptoms of ciguatera fish poisoning in humans include several effects which are mainly gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and neurological. [3] The symptoms of acute ciguatera fish poisoning can already start 30 minutes after eating contaminated fish. [3] [11] However, in milder cases the first symptoms arise 24 to 48 hours later. [3]
The Center for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that every year 48 million Americans, or roughly one in six people, get sick from foodborne illnesses, and about 3,000 cases each year are ...
Ciguatoxin-1 was first discovered in 1967 by Scheuer et al [3] when studying ciguatera fish responsible for food poisoning. Later on, in 1977 Yasumoto et al isolated the compound from Dinoflagellates and named it ciguatoxin, after which it was classified as a polyether compound.
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Afterwards, carnivorous fish, which are targeted by fishing industries, move the toxins further up the food chain. Ciguatera is the most common form of seafood poisoning caused by harmful algal blooms in the world and its incidence and range appear to spread. Best estimates indicate that more than 50,000 people are globally affected every year.
What are the symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning? In high concentrations, it can be deadly. The acute effects arise from carboxyhemoglobin formation in the blood, which hampers oxygen absorption.