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On the other hand, most of the population was Polish, despite substantial Czech and German minorities. The Polish side based its claim to the area on ethnic criteria: a majority of the area's population was Polish according to the last (1910) Austro-Hungarian census. [1] Two local self-government councils, Polish and Czech, were created.
Polish forces under the command of Franciszek Latinik were weaker than the Czechoslovak forces. At the end of World War I, Poland was fighting in border disputes with all its neighbors, and during the war with Czechoslovakia the main force was committed to the fighting in Eastern Galicia with the Ukrainians. [16]
The new Polish authorities appointed people from Poland to various key positions from which locals were fired. [51] The Polish language became the sole official language. Using Czech (or German) by Czechs (or Germans) in public was prohibited and Czechs and Germans were being forced to leave the annexed area or become subject to Polonization. [51]
While much of former Czechoslovakia came under the control of Nazi Germany, Hungarian forces swiftly overran the Carpathian Ukraine. Hungary annexed some areas (e.g., Southern Slovakia and Carpathian Ruthenia) in the autumn of 1938. Poland reclaimed Zaolzie previously illegally annexed by Czech during Polish-Soviet war in 1920.
Edvard Beneš, leader of the Czechoslovak government in exile Władysław Sikorski, leader of the Polish government in exile. Czechoslovak politicians Hodža and Jan Masaryk both wanted a confederation, [6] Beneš was more lukewarm; his goal was to ensure that the disputed Trans-Olza territory that had passed to Poland in the aftermath of the Munich Agreement was regained by Czechoslovakia, [2 ...
[7] Situation on Polish-Czechoslovak border was still tense. On 28 June 1945 Czechoslovak units were shooting at Polish soldiers in Sněžník which was called an incident. [1] On 10 March 1947, a treaty of friendship and mutual assistance was signed between Czechoslovakia and Poland. This treaty calmed the situation, but mutual tensions persisted.
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Polish invasion of Czechoslovakia can refer to: The annexation of parts of modern Czech territory by Poland in 1938; The Polish participation in the Warsaw Pact ...