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  2. Italy in the Middle Ages - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italy_in_the_Middle_Ages

    The House of Habsburg would control territories in Italy for the duration of the early modern period, until Napoleon's invasion of Italy in 1796. The term "Middle Ages" itself ultimately derives from the description of the period of "obscurity" in Italian history during the 9th to 11th centuries, the saeculum obscurum or "Dark Age" of the Roman ...

  3. List of historical states of Italy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_historical_states...

    The following is a list of the various Italian states during that period. Following the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the arrival of the Middle Ages (in particular from the 11th century ), the Italian Peninsula was divided into numerous states.

  4. Italian city-states - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_city-states

    The defence of the Carroccio during the battle of Legnano (1176) by Amos Cassioli (1832–1891) During the 11th century in northern Italy a new political and social structure emerged: the city-state or commune. The civic culture which arose from this urbs was remarkable. In some places where communes arose (e.g. Britain and France), they were ...

  5. List of medieval universities - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_medieval_universities

    The list of medieval universities comprises universities (more precisely, studia generalia) which existed in Europe during the Middle Ages. [3] It also includes short-lived foundations and European educational institutions whose university status is a matter of debate.

  6. Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Holy...

    The absenteeism of the Italian monarch led to the rapid disappearance of a central government in the High Middle Ages, but the idea that Italy was a kingdom within the Empire remained and emperors frequently sought to impose their will on the evolving Italian city-states.

  7. Medieval commune - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medieval_commune

    During the 11th century in northern Italy a new political and social structure emerged. In most places where communes arose (e.g. France, Britain and Flanders), they were absorbed by monarchical states. But in northern and central Italy, some medieval communes developed into independent and powerful city-states.

  8. Calcio storico fiorentino - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcio_storico_fiorentino

    Calcio match in Piazza Santa Maria Novella, in Florence, Italy.Painting by Jan Van der Straet.. Calcio storico fiorentino, also known as calcio storico, calcio in livrea or calcio in costume, is an early form of football that originated during the Middle Ages in Italy. [1]

  9. Maritime republics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maritime_republics

    That year, Carlo O. Galli claimed in a scholastic textbook that "among all the peoples of Europe, the one who in the Middle Ages rose first to great power" in navigation was the Italian people, and he attributed this to the independence enjoyed by "the maritime republics of Italy, among which Amalfi, Pisa, Genoa, Ancona, Venice, Naples and ...