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Vitamin B 12 is absorbed by a B 12-specific transport proteins or via passive diffusion. [12] Transport-mediated absorption and tissue delivery is a complex process involving three transport proteins: haptocorrin (HC), intrinsic factor (IF) and transcobalamin II (TC2), and respective membrane receptor proteins. HC is present in saliva.
[4]: 44 Vitamin B 12 is an essential water-soluble vitamin, the deficiency of which creates anemia (macrocytic anemia), decreased bone marrow cell production (anemia, pancytopenia), neurological problems, as well as metabolic issues (methylmalonyl-CoA acidosis). [4]: 50–51 Vitamin B 12 is therefore an important vitamin for the body to absorb.
It primarily serves to protect cobalamin (Vitamin B12) from acid degradation in the stomach by producing a HC-Vitamin B 12 complex. Once the complex has traveled to the more pH-neutral duodenum, pancreatic proteases degrade haptocorrin, releasing free cobalamin, which now binds to intrinsic factor for absorption by ileal enterocytes.
Because vitamin B 12 absorption is a multistep process that involves the stomach, pancreas and small intestine, and is mediated by two carriers: Haptocorrin and intrinsic factor, and because Haptocorrin (transcobalamin I) binds to vitamin B 12, and Vitamin B 12 is acid-sensitive, when vitamin B 12 binds to Haptocorrin it can safely pass through ...
That includes folks with an autoimmune disorder called pernicious anemia, who are unable to absorb B12, and people who take a lot of over-the-counter stomach-acid reducers, like famotidine ...
Aerobic pathway that requires oxygen and in which cobalt is inserted late in the pathway; [6] [7] found in Pseudomonas denitrificans and Rhodobacter capsulatus.; Anaerobic pathway in which cobalt insertion is the first committed step towards cobalamin synthesis; [8] [9] [10] found in Salmonella typhimurium, Bacillus megaterium, and Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. shermanii.
Vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin, isn’t just a popular supplement marketed to help people lose weight— it’s an essential water-soluble vitamin necessary for brain function, heart health ...
Vitamin B12 deficiency causes symptoms like fatigue, poor memory, a swollen tongue, and canker sores. Skip to main content. 24/7 Help. For premium support please call: 800-290-4726 more ways to ...
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