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In 1967, Pfleegor and Mandel demonstrated two-source interference using two separate lasers as light sources. [ 60 ] [ 61 ] It was shown experimentally in 1972 that in a double-slit system where only one slit was open at any time, interference was nonetheless observed provided the path difference was such that the detected photon could have ...
[Note 6] It is only possible to verify experimentally that the two-way speed of light (for example, from a source to a mirror and back again) is frame-independent, because it is impossible to measure the one-way speed of light (for example, from a source to a distant detector) without some convention as to how clocks at the source and at the ...
Unlike the modern double-slit experiment, Young's experiment reflects sunlight (using a steering mirror) through a small hole, and splits the thin beam in half using a paper card. [6] [10] [11] He also mentions the possibility of passing light through two slits in his description of the experiment: Modern illustration of the double-slit experiment
Foucault measured the differential speed of light through air versus water by using two distant mirrors (Figure 2). He placed a 3-meter tube of water before one of them. [5]: 127 The light passing through the slower medium has its image more displaced. By partially masking the air-path mirror, Foucault was able to distinguish the two images ...
The light passes on one side of a tooth on the way out, and the other side on the way back, assuming the cog rotates one tooth during transit of the light. [ 1 ] : 123 In 1848–49, Hippolyte Fizeau determined the speed of light using an intense light source at the bell tower of his father's holiday home in Suresnes , and a mirror 8,633 meters ...
A ray of light being refracted through a glass slab Refraction of a light ray. In optics, the refractive index (or refraction index) of an optical medium is the ratio of the apparent speed of light in the air or vacuum to the speed in the medium. The refractive index determines how much the path of light is bent, or refracted, when entering a ...
The light source was a Helium–neon laser. ~7 km/s Trimmer et al. [30] [31] 1973: They searched for anisotropies of the speed of light behaving as the first and third of the Legendre polynomials. They used a triangle interferometer, with one portion of the path in glass.
The "one-way" speed of light, from a source to a detector, cannot be measured independently of a convention as to how to synchronize the clocks at the source and the detector. What can however be experimentally measured is the round-trip speed (or "two-way" speed of light ) from the source to a mirror (or other method of reflection ) and back ...