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The route operates over the infrastructure of the Florence–Rome railway, the Pisa–Livorno–Rome railway and the Rome–Fiumicino railway. [2] Within the territory of the comune of Rome, it plays the role of a commuter railway. It is estimated that on average about 65,000 passengers travel on an FL1 train each day.
The Florence–Rome high-speed railway line is a link in the Italian high-speed rail network.It is known as the ferrovia direttissima Firenze-Roma in Italian—meaning "most direct Florence–Rome railway" (abbreviated DD); this name reflects the naming of the Rome–Formia–Naples Direttissima opened in 1927 and the Bologna–Florence Direttissima opened in 1934.
While the journey included many curves through beautiful landscape and the ancient towns of Narni, Terni, Spoleto, Assisi and Perugia, in 1871 it meant that a train leaving Florence at 8.05 arrived in Rome at 17.40, that is it took 9 hours 35 minutes to cover 372 km. [7] It was therefore decided to shorten the route by bypassing Perugia.
The FL lines, formerly Lazio regional railways (Italian: ferrovie regionali del Lazio, also Ferrovie Laziali) consist of 8 commuter rail lines operated by Trenitalia, converging on the city of Rome. It operates as a combined suburban railway system that connects the city-centre and the outskirts of the city via a commuter rail line.
Major works to increase the commercial speed of the trains already started in 1967: the Rome-Florence "super-direct" line was built for trains up to 230 km/h (143 mph), and reduced the journey time to less than two hours. The Florence–Rome high-speed railway was the first high-speed line opened in Europe when more than half of it opened in 1977.
High-speed service was introduced on the Rome-Milan line in 1988–89 with the ETR 450 Pendolino train, with a top speed of 250 km/h (160 mph) and cutting travel times from about 5 hours to 4. [7] The prototype train ETR X 500 was the first Italian train to reach 300 km/h (190 mph) on the Direttissima on 25 May 1989. [7]
In this way, the Cesano–Bracciano section is served by a train every half-hour in each direction, while Bracciano–Viterbo traffic is served by one train per hour in each direction. [ 2 ] The urban section between Roma Ostiense and Cesano di Roma is almost 30 km (19 mi) long, and takes about 50 minutes to traverse.
The train station Fiumicino Aeroporto is located inside the airport and is easily accessible. [ 2 ] In 2023, Trenitalia announced in collaboration with Fiumicino's operator Aeroporti di Roma and ITA Airways that they planned to offer a combined rail-air ticket that would also allow passengers to check their bags for air travel at Fiumicino station.