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The relative permittivity (in older texts, dielectric constant) is the permittivity of a material expressed as a ratio with the electric permittivity of a vacuum. A dielectric is an insulating material, and the dielectric constant of an insulator measures the ability of the insulator to store electric energy in an electrical field.
A table of some typical values can be found under dielectric constant. Water has a relatively high dielectric constant value of 78.7 at 298K (25 °C), so in aqueous solutions at ambient temperatures 1:1 electrolytes such as NaCl do not form ion pairs to an appreciable extent except when the solution is very concentrated.
Dielectric constant [2] 88.00 at 0 °C 86.04 at 5 °C 84.11 at 10 °C ... Water/steam data table at triple point pressure (0.0006117 MPa) T °C V dm 3 /kg H kJ/kg U
Another common term encountered for both absolute and relative permittivity is the dielectric constant which has been deprecated in physics and engineering [2] as well as in chemistry. [ 3 ] By definition, a perfect vacuum has a relative permittivity of exactly 1 whereas at standard temperature and pressure , air has a relative permittivity of ...
Water has a very high specific heat capacity of 4184 J/(kg·K) at 20 °C (4182 J/(kg·K) at 25 °C) —the second-highest among all the heteroatomic species (after ammonia), as well as a high heat of vaporization (40.65 kJ/mol or 2268 kJ/kg at the normal boiling point), both of which are a result of the extensive hydrogen bonding between its ...
1.4 [3] (200 kHz) Electroactive polymers: 2–12 Mica: 3–6 [2] Silicon dioxide: 3.9 [4] Sapphire: 8.9–11.1 (anisotropic) [5] Concrete: 4.5: Pyrex : 4.7 (3.7–10) Neoprene: 6.7 [2] Natural rubber: 7: Diamond: 5.5–10 Salt: 3–15 Melamine resin: 7.2–8.4 [6] Graphite: 10–15 Silicone rubber: 2.9–4 [7] Silicon: 11.68: GaAs: 12.4 [8 ...
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4.7: High dielectric constant. Flammable. Refined and dried castor oil is used in some high voltage capacitors. Hatcol 5005 synthetic ester [2] 3.2: High dielectric constant. Fire Resistant. Biodegradable PCB replacement. Low temperature fluidity. Silicone oil: 2.3–2.8 (-20) [clarification needed] [3] 1.0-1.2 [1] More expensive than ...