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Figure 1 classifies the various types of drainage systems. It shows the field (or internal) and the main (or external) systems. [2] The function of the field drainage system is to control the water table, whereas the function of the main drainage system is to collect, transport, and dispose of the water through an outfall or outlet. In some ...
The ancient Roman authors Cato the Elder and Pliny the Elder described tile drainage systems in 200 BC and the first century AD, respectively. According to the Johnston Farm, [11] tile drainage was first introduced to the United States in 1838, when John Johnston used the practice from his native Scotland on his new farm in Seneca County, New York.
Horizontal drainage systems are drainage systems using open ditches or buried pipe drains. Vertical drainage systems are drainage systems using pumped wells, either open dug wells or tube wells. Map of a well field for subsurface drainage with radial flow across concentrical cylinders representing the equipotentials. Both systems serve the same ...
According to the figure, the drainage period is from November to March (120 days) and the discharge of the drainage system is D = 180 / 120 = 1.5 mm/day corresponding to 15 m 3 /day per ha. During winters with more precipitation than normal, the drainage requirement increase accordingly.
Agricultural land drainage has agricultural, environmental, hydrological, engineering, economical, social and socio-political aspects (Figure 1). All these aspects can be subject of drainage research. The aim (objective, target) of agricultural land drainage is the optimized agricultural production related to: reclamation of agricultural land
The mound system was designed in the 1930s by the North Dakota College of Agriculture. [1] and was known as the Nodak Disposal System. In 1976, the University of Wisconsin studied the design of mound systems as part of the university's Waste Management Project. This project published the first ever design manual for identifying the appropriate ...
In geotechnical engineering, watertable control is the practice of controlling the height of the water table by drainage.Its main applications are in agricultural land (to improve the crop yield using agricultural drainage systems) and in cities to manage the extensive underground infrastructure that includes the foundations of large buildings, underground transit systems, and extensive ...
The two stage drainage ditch is classified as a 'surface' sustainable drainage system, contrary to a sub-surface system. The two stage drainage ditch is a modification of the land whereby grass benches which serve as floodplains are formed within the land of the watershed of the water system, shown in the diagram to the right. [1]