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In Euclidean geometry, a square is a regular quadrilateral, which means that it has four straight sides of equal length and four equal angles (90-degree angles, π /2 radian angles, or right angles). It can also be defined as a rectangle with two equal-length adjacent sides.
In geometry a quadrilateral is a four-sided polygon, having four edges (sides) and four corners (vertices). The word is derived from the Latin words quadri , a variant of four, and latus , meaning "side".
A pentagon is a five-sided polygon. A regular pentagon has 5 equal edges and 5 equal angles. In geometry, a polygon is traditionally a plane figure that is bounded by a finite chain of straight line segments closing in a loop to form a closed chain.
A non-convex regular polygon is a regular star polygon. The most common example is the pentagram , which has the same vertices as a pentagon , but connects alternating vertices. For an n -sided star polygon, the Schläfli symbol is modified to indicate the density or "starriness" m of the polygon, as { n / m }.
In general, any quadrilateral with perpendicular diagonals, one of which is a line of symmetry, is a kite. Every rhombus is a kite, and any quadrilateral that is both a kite and parallelogram is a rhombus. A rhombus is a tangential quadrilateral. [10] That is, it has an inscribed circle that is tangent to all four sides. A rhombus.
Others [13] [failed verification] define a trapezoid as a quadrilateral with at least one pair of parallel sides (the inclusive definition [14]), making the parallelogram a special type of trapezoid. The latter definition is consistent with its uses in higher mathematics such as calculus. This article uses the inclusive definition and considers ...
One might characterise the Greek definition as follows: A regular polygon is a planar figure with all edges equal and all corners equal. A regular polyhedron is a solid (convex) figure with all faces being congruent regular polygons, the same number arranged all alike around each vertex.
Structured grids are identified by regular connectivity. The possible element choices are quadrilateral in 2D and hexahedra in 3D. This model is highly space efficient, since the neighbourhood relationships are defined by storage arrangement. Some other advantages of structured grid over unstructured are better convergence and higher resolution.