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Polarizability is responsible for a material's dielectric constant and, at high (optical) frequencies, its refractive index. The polarizability of an atom or molecule is defined as the ratio of its induced dipole moment to the local electric field; in a crystalline solid, one considers the dipole moment per unit cell. [1]
In the CGS system of units the Clausius–Mossotti relation is typically rewritten to show the molecular polarizability volume ′ = which has units of volume [m 3]. [2] Confusion may arise from the practice of using the shorter name "molecular polarizability" for both α {\displaystyle \alpha } and α ′ {\displaystyle \alpha '} within ...
v. t. e. In classical electromagnetism, polarization density (or electric polarization, or simply polarization) is the vector field that expresses the volumetric density of permanent or induced electric dipole moments in a dielectric material. When a dielectric is placed in an external electric field, its molecules gain electric dipole moment ...
Molar refractivity, [1] , is a measure of the total polarizability of a mole of a substance and is dependent on the temperature, the index of refraction, and the pressure. The molar refractivity is defined as. where is the Avogadro constant and is the mean polarizability of a molecule. Substituting the molar refractivity into the Lorentz-Lorenz ...
A set of base units in the atomic system as in one proposal are the electron rest mass, the magnitude of the electronic charge, the Planck constant, and the permittivity. [6] [9] In the atomic units system, each of these takes the value 1; the corresponding values in the International System of Units [10]: 132 are given in the table.
When the atomic polarizability is quoted in units of volume such as Å 3, as is often the case, it is equal to the van der Waals volume. However, the term "atomic polarizability" is preferred as polarizability is a precisely defined (and measurable) physical quantity , whereas "van der Waals volume" can have any number of definitions depending ...
Electric susceptibility. In electricity (electromagnetism), the electric susceptibility ( ; Latin: susceptibilis "receptive") is a dimensionless proportionality constant that indicates the degree of polarization of a dielectric material in response to an applied electric field. The greater the electric susceptibility, the greater the ability of ...
Raman spectroscopy (/ ˈrɑːmən /) (named after physicist C. V. Raman) is a spectroscopic technique typically used to determine vibrational modes of molecules, although rotational and other low-frequency modes of systems may also be observed. [ 1 ] Raman spectroscopy is commonly used in chemistry to provide a structural fingerprint by which ...