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In mathematics, the Pythagorean theorem or Pythagoras' theorem is a fundamental relation in Euclidean geometry between the three sides of a right triangle.It states that the area of the square whose side is the hypotenuse (the side opposite the right angle) is equal to the sum of the areas of the squares on the other two sides.
Garfield in 1881. Garfield's proof of the Pythagorean theorem is an original proof the Pythagorean theorem invented by James A. Garfield (November 19, 1831 – September 19, 1881), the 20th president of the United States. The proof appeared in print in the New-England Journal of Education (Vol. 3, No.14, April 1, 1876). [1][2] At the time of ...
Pythagorean trigonometric identity. The Pythagorean trigonometric identity, also called simply the Pythagorean identity, is an identity expressing the Pythagorean theorem in terms of trigonometric functions. Along with the sum-of-angles formulae, it is one of the basic relations between the sine and cosine functions. The identity is.
Hypotenuse. A right-angled triangle and its hypotenuse. In geometry, a hypotenuse is the side of a right triangle opposite the right angle. [1] It is the longest side of any such triangle; the two other shorter sides of such a triangle are called catheti or legs. The length of the hypotenuse can be found using the Pythagorean theorem, which ...
Euclidean distance. In mathematics, the Euclidean distance between two points in Euclidean space is the length of the line segment between them. It can be calculated from the Cartesian coordinates of the points using the Pythagorean theorem, and therefore is occasionally called the Pythagorean distance. These names come from the ancient Greek ...
In spherical trigonometry, the law of cosines (also called the cosine rule for sides[1]) is a theorem relating the sides and angles of spherical triangles, analogous to the ordinary law of cosines from plane trigonometry. Spherical triangle solved by the law of cosines. Given a unit sphere, a "spherical triangle" on the surface of the sphere is ...
Bride's Chair: The figure used by Euclid to explain the proof of Pythagorean theorem. In geometry, a Bride's Chair is an illustration of the Pythagorean theorem. [1] The figure appears in Proposition 47 of Book I of Euclid's Elements. [2] It is also known by several other names, such as the Franciscan's cowl, peacock's tail, windmill ...
In geometry, the inverse Pythagorean theorem (also known as the reciprocal Pythagorean theorem[1] or the upside down Pythagorean theorem[2]) is as follows: [3] Let A, B be the endpoints of the hypotenuse of a right triangle ABC. Let D be the foot of a perpendicular dropped from C, the vertex of the right angle, to the hypotenuse.