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Hypopigmentation is common and approximately one in twenty have at least one hypopigmented macule. Hypopigmentation can be upsetting to some, especially those with darker skin whose hypopigmentation marks are seen more visibly. Most causes of hypopigmentation are not serious and can be easily treated. [5]
Most patients are young children aged two to ten. Most children develop prodromal symptoms similar to common cold or influenza. Small, monomorphous, and hypopigmented macules then erupt. There could be systemic manifestations like pharyngitis or enlargement of lymph nodes. Most children with eruptive hypomelanosis develop no complications.
Hypopigmented lesions can range in color from hypopigmentation to depigmentation, and their size, form, and primary inflammatory dermatosis frequently correspond with each other. Complete depigmentation is more noticeable in people with darker skin and is frequently observed in cases of discoid lupus erythematosus and severe atopic dermatitis .
The lesion also has a centrally adherent micaceous scale. In contrast to PLEVA and febrile ulceronecrotic Mucha-Habermann disease, the papule in question regresses and flattens on its own over a few weeks. Frequently, a hyper- or hypopigmented macule is left behind. [1]
Different areas of the skin may be hypopigmented as a result of other genetic illnesses. Hypopigmentation can be caused by hereditary conditions such as vitiligo , melasma , pityriasis versicolor , pityriasis alba , albinism , and fungal infections.
It is characterized by one or more hypopigmented skin macules and patches where skin sensations are lost because of damaged peripheral nerves that have been attacked by the human host's immune cells. TT is characterized by the formation of epithelioid cell granulomas with a large number of epithelioid cells .
Westerhof syndrome is a cutaneous condition inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion, characterized by congenital hypopigmented macules. [1] See also
McCune–Albright syndrome has different levels of severity. For example, one child with McCune–Albright syndrome may be entirely healthy, with no outward evidence of bone or endocrine problems, enter puberty at close to the normal age, and have no unusual skin pigmentation. Diagnosis may be made only after decades.