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Gravimetric analysis describes a set of methods used in analytical chemistry for the quantitative determination of an analyte (the ion being analyzed) based on its mass. The principle of this type of analysis is that once an ion's mass has been determined as a unique compound, that known measurement can then be used to determine the same analyte's mass in a mixture, as long as the relative ...
In the International System of Units (SI), the coherent unit for molar concentration is mol/m 3. However, most chemical literature traditionally uses mol/dm 3, which is the same as mol/L. This traditional unit is often called a molar and denoted by the letter M, for example: 1 mol/m 3 = 10 −3 mol/dm 3 = 10 −3 mol/L = 10 −3 M = 1 mM = 1 ...
The molar ionic strength, I, of a solution is a function of the concentration of all ions present in that solution. [3]= = where one half is because we are including both cations and anions, c i is the molar concentration of ion i (M, mol/L), z i is the charge number of that ion, and the sum is taken over all ions in the solution.
McIlvaine buffer is a buffer solution composed of citric acid and disodium hydrogen phosphate, also known as citrate-phosphate buffer.It was introduced in 1921 by the United States agronomist Theodore Clinton McIlvaine (1875–1959) from West Virginia University, and it can be prepared in pH 2.2 to 8 by mixing two stock solutions.
In chemistry and biochemistry, the Henderson–Hasselbalch equation = + ([] []) relates the pH of a chemical solution of a weak acid to the numerical value of the acid dissociation constant, K a, of acid and the ratio of the concentrations, [] [] of the acid and its conjugate base in an equilibrium.
Buffer capacity β for a 0.1 M solution of a weak acid with a pK a = 7 This equation shows that there are three regions of raised buffer capacity (see figure 2). In the central region of the curve (coloured green on the plot), the second term is dominant, and β ≈ 2.303 T HA K a [ H + ] ( K a + [ H + ] ) 2 . {\displaystyle \beta \approx 2.303 ...
where and are activities of HCl solutions of right and left hand electrodes, respectively, and is the transport number of Cl −. Liquid junction potential is the difference between the two EMFs of the two concentration cells, with and without ionic transport:
Standardized HCl, H 2 SO 4 or some other strong acid can be used instead, but this is less commonplace. The sample solution is then distilled with a small amount of sodium hydroxide (NaOH). [3] NaOH can also be added with a dropping funnel. [4] NaOH reacts the ammonium (NH 4 +) to ammonia (NH 3), which boils off the sample solution. Ammonia ...