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Asperger syndrome (AS), also known as Asperger's syndrome or Asperger's, is a diagnostic label that has historically been used to describe a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significant difficulties in social interaction and nonverbal communication, along with restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior and interests. [5]
Autism spectrum disorder [a] (ASD), or simply autism, is a neurodevelopmental disorder "characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple contexts" and "restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities". [11]
Symptoms typically start in late childhood or adolescence. [76] Several studies have reported an overlap, confusion or comorbidity with Asperger syndrome (which has been combined with autism spectrum disorder and no longer appears as a diagnostic label in the DSM-5). [77] [78] [79] Asperger syndrome was at one time called "schizoid disorder of ...
The term "high-functioning autism" was used in a manner similar to Asperger syndrome, another outdated classification.The defining characteristic recognized by psychologists was a significant delay in the development of early speech and language skills, before the age of three years. [12]
National Autistic Society (NAS) – a British charity for people with autistic spectrum disorders (ASD), including autism and Asperger syndrome. National Vaccine Information Center (NVIC) – a private non-profit advocacy group which questions the safety and efficacy of commonly used vaccines.
The behavioral manifestations of ASD depend on one's developmental stage, age of presentation, current support, and individual variability. [ 5 ] [ 3 ] Lastly, there are multiple conditions that may present similarly to autism spectrum disorder, including intellectual disability , hearing impairment , a specific language impairment [ 6 ] such ...
The Ritvo Autism & Asperger Diagnostic Scale (RAADS) is a psychological self-rating scale developed by Riva Ariella Ritvo (NPI UCLA and CSC Yale). An abridged and translated 14 question version was then developed at the Department of Clinical Neuroscience at the Karolinska Institute, to aid in the identification of patients who may have undiagnosed ASD.
Asperger was investigating Asperger syndrome which, for various reasons, was not widely considered a separate diagnosis until 1981, [90] although both are now considered part of ASD. Leo Kanner of the Johns Hopkins Hospital first used autism in English to refer to classic autism when he introduced the label early infantile autism in a 1943 ...