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The history of the Bulgarian language can be divided into three major periods: Old Bulgarian (from the late 9th until the 11th century); Middle Bulgarian (from the 12th century to the 15th century); Modern Bulgarian (since the 16th century). Bulgarian is a written South Slavic language that dates back to the end of the 9th century.
The present-day written Bulgarian language was standardized on the basis of the 19th-century Bulgarian vernacular. The historical development of the Bulgarian language can be described as a transition from a highly synthetic language (Old Bulgarian) to a fusional inflecting synthetic language with some analyticity (Modern Bulgarian) with Middle ...
Bulgarian is the country's only official language. It is spoken by the vast majority of the Bulgarian population and used at all levels of society. It is a Slavic language, and its closest relative is Macedonian. Bulgarian is written with Cyrillic, which is also used by Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian, Serbian and Macedonian.
Until the 19th century, Bulgarian was predominantly a spoken language, with no standardized written form of the vernacular dialects. Formal written communication was usually in the Church Slavonic language. For a long, time the Cyrillic script was primarily associated with religious texts, and as such, it was more resistant to changes.
The Bulgarian National corpus consists of a monolingual (Bulgarian) part and 47 parallel corpora. The Bulgarian part includes about 1.2 billion words in over 240 000 text samples. The materials in the Corpus reflect the state of the Bulgarian language (mainly in its written form) from the middle of 20th century (1945) until present. [4]
Bulgarian dialects are the regional varieties of the Bulgarian language, a South Slavic language. Bulgarian dialectology dates to the 1830s and the pioneering work of Neofit Rilski , Bolgarska gramatika (published 1835 in Kragujevac , Principality of Serbia ).
Middle Bulgarian (Bulgarian: среднобългарски) was the lingua franca and the most widely spoken language of the Second Bulgarian Empire. Being descended from Old Bulgarian , Middle Bulgarian eventually developed into the modern Bulgarian language by the 16th century.
During this period Bulgaria adopted Christianity, reached its greatest territorial extent and triggered a golden age of culture and literature. Under the patronage of these monarchs Bulgaria became the birthplace of the Cyrillic alphabet; Old Bulgarian became the lingua franca of much of Eastern Europe and it came to be known as Old Church ...