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A basilar skull fracture typically requires a significant degree of trauma to occur. [1] It is defined as a fracture of one or more of the temporal, occipital, sphenoid, frontal or ethmoid bone. [1] Basilar skull fractures are divided into anterior fossa, middle fossa and posterior fossa fractures. [1] Facial fractures often also occur. [1]
A skull fracture is a break in one or more of the eight bones that form the cranial portion of the skull, usually occurring as a result of blunt force trauma.If the force of the impact is excessive, the bone may fracture at or near the site of the impact and cause damage to the underlying structures within the skull such as the membranes, blood vessels, and brain.
Fracture Named after Description Mechanism of injury Reference Bankart's fracture: Arthur Bankart: Fracture of anterior glenoid associated with anterior shoulder dislocation: External rotation and abduction of shoulder [1] [2] Barton's fracture: John Rhea Barton: distal radius fracture involving the articular surface with dislocation of the ...
The Le Fort III fracture (transverse fracture) occurs at the level of the skull base, resulting in complete craniofacial separation of the midface from the base of the skull. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The fracture line extends through the zygomatic arch , the pterygoid plates , the lateral and medial orbital walls , the nasal bones , and the nasal septum .
Commonly injured facial bones include the nasal bone (the nose), the maxilla (the bone that forms the upper jaw), and the mandible (the lower jaw). The mandible may be fractured at its symphysis, body, angle, ramus, and condyle. [4] The zygoma (cheekbone) and the frontal bone (forehead) are other sites for fractures. [13]
Risk factors include bone fractures, joint dislocations, alcoholism, and the use of high-dose steroids. [1] The condition may also occur without any clear reason. [1] The most commonly affected bone is the femur (thigh bone). [1] Other relatively common sites include the upper arm bone, knee, shoulder, and ankle. [1]
Supracondylar humerus fractures is commonly found in children between 5 and 7 years (90% of the cases), after the clavicle and forearm fractures. It is more often occurs in males, accounting of 16% of all pediatric fractures and 60% of all paediatric elbow fractures. The mechanism of injury is most commonly due to fall on an outstretch hand. [3]
Fractures that occur in the scapular body are the type most likely to be accompanied by other injuries; other bony and soft tissue injuries accompany these fractures 80–95% of the time. [3] Associated injuries can be serious and potentially deadly, [ 3 ] and usually it is the associated injuries, rather than the scapular fracture, that have ...