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India, officially the Republic of India is a country in South Asia, consisting of 28 states and eight union territories. [1] All Indian states and some of the union territories have their own elected government and the union territories come under the jurisdiction of the Central Government. India has its own national symbols. [2]
India: Bengal tiger (national animal) Panthera tigris tigris [31] Indian peafowl (national bird) Pavo cristatus [32] Ganges river dolphin (national aquatic animal) Platanista gangetica [33] Indian elephant (national heritage animal) Elephas maximus indicus [34] Indonesia: Komodo dragon (national animal) Varanus komodoensis [35] Javan hawk-eagle ...
Tigers in India constitute more than 70% of the global population of tigers. [1] [2] Tigers have been officially adopted as the national animal of India [3] on the recommendation of the National Board for Wildlife [4] since April 1973. [5] In popular local languages, tigers are called baagh, puli or sher. [6]
India is home to several well-known large animals, including the Indian elephant, [11] Indian rhinoceros, [12] and Gaur. [4] India is the only country where the big cats tiger and lion exist in the wild. Members of the cat family include Bengal tiger, [13] Asiatic lion, [14] Indian leopard, [15] snow leopard, [16] and clouded leopard. [17]
The Indian peafowl (Pavo cristatus) is the national bird of India. [3] This list does not cover species in Indian jurisdiction areas such as Dakshin Gangotri and oceanic species are delineated by an arbitrary cutoff distance. The list does not include fossil bird species or escapees from captivity.
It is also known by the name susu (popular name) also shihu (Assamese: শিহু) in Assam and shushuk (Bengali: শুশুক) in West Bengal and Bangladesh. [5] The Ganges river dolphin has been recognized by the Government of India as its National Aquatic Animal [6] and is the official animal of the Indian city of Guwahati. [7]
India's first national park was established in 1936, now known as Jim Corbett National Park, in Uttarakhand. In 1970, India had only five national parks. In 1972, India enacted the Wildlife Protection Act and Project Tiger in 1973 to safeguard the habitats of conservation reliant species and currently, there are 106 national parks in India ...
Some of these animals are engrained in Indian culture, often being associated with deities. These large mammals are important for wildlife tourism in India, with several national parks and wildlife sanctuaries catering to these needs. The popularity of these charismatic animals has greatly helped conservation efforts in India.