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This condition is a collection of symptoms pointing to heart and diabetes-related problems. ... One of the most serious (but quite rare) risks of metformin is lactic acidosis, the buildup of ...
Symptoms of lactic acidosis include nausea, vomiting, and weakness. If you experience serious side effects when taking metformin, seek medical advice immediately.
Lactic acidosis is commonly found in people who are unwell, such as those with severe heart and/or lung disease, a severe infection with sepsis, the systemic inflammatory response syndrome due to another cause, severe physical trauma, or severe depletion of body fluids. [3]
The medication most commonly may cause stomach upset and symptoms such as diarrhea but in general is well tolerated and has a relatively low chance of causing hypoglycemia. [35] One rare (about 1% chance) but serious side affect of metformin is that it can cause lactic acidosis, usually in patients with poor kidney function. [35]
The symptoms of an episode of diabetic ketoacidosis usually evolve over a period of about 24 hours. Predominant symptoms are nausea and vomiting, pronounced thirst, excessive urine production and abdominal pain that may be severe. [13] [14] In severe DKA, breathing becomes rapid and of a deep, gasping character, called "Kussmaul breathing".
Typical reduction in glycated hemoglobin (A1C) values for Metformin is 1.5–2.0% Metformin (Glucophage) may be the best choice for patients who also have heart failure, [10] but it should be temporarily discontinued before any radiographic procedure involving intravenous iodinated contrast, as patients are at an increased risk of lactic acidosis.
The most common causes of high anion gap metabolic acidosis are: ketoacidosis, lactic acidosis, kidney failure, and toxic ingestions. [3]Ketoacidosis can occur as a complication of diabetes mellitus (diabetic ketoacidosis), but can occur due to other disorders, such as chronic alcoholism and malnutrition.
The lactic acidosis with palpitation may also occur during sleep, if stomach emptying has been delayed e.g. due to digestion requirements of the food or its high volume, and the person went to sleep before absorption has started. In this case the person will be awaken in a state of distress, with rapid breathing.