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A review of convention studies concluded that second-hand vapor may be significant, particularly for workers who repeatedly encounter it. Exposure studies suggest that indoor vaping is higher than the smoke-free level put forth by the US Surgeon General and the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. [94]: Secondhand Exposure to E ...
[43] A 2015 study, using a model to approximate indoor air workplace exposure, anticipates greatly reduced exposure to nicotine from e-cigarettes than traditional cigarettes. [74] A 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) report found "nicotine in SHA [second-hand aerosol] has been found between 10 and 115 times higher than in background air levels."
However, this does not necessarily mean that such measures are useless in reducing harm, only that they fall short of the goal of reducing exposure completely to zero. Others have suggested a system of tradable smoking pollution permits, similar to the cap-and-trade pollution permits systems used by the United States Environmental Protection ...
Effects of vaping, compared to tobacco smoking [119] Harm reduction refers to any reduction in harm from a prior level. [120] Harm minimization strives to reduce harms to the lowest achievable level. [120] When a person does not want to quit nicotine, harm minimization means striving to eliminate tobacco exposure by replacing it with vaping. [120]
Now, a new study, building upon previous evidence, has found that among teens, vaping often may spike the risk of exposure to lead and uranium — potentially harming brain and organ development ...
An electronic cigarette (commonly known as a vape) is a handheld battery-powered vaporizer that simulates smoking by providing some of the behavioral aspects of smoking, including the hand-to-mouth action of smoking, but without combusting tobacco. [48] Using an e-cigarette is known as "vaping" and the user is referred to as a "vaper". [49]
Weak evidence suggests that imposing institutional level smoking bans in hospitals and prisons may reduce smoking rates and second hand smoke exposure. [ 58 ] Researchers explored whether an opportunistic stop smoking intervention (advice, a vape starter pack and a referral to stop smoking services) was effective for people attending the ...
Smoking most commonly leads to diseases affecting the heart and lungs and will commonly affect areas such as hands or feet. First signs of smoking-related health issues often show up as numbness in the extremities, with smoking being a major risk factor for heart attacks, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), emphysema, and cancer, particularly lung cancer, cancers of the larynx and ...