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The hexagonal architecture, or ports and adapters architecture, is an architectural pattern used in software design. It aims at creating loosely coupled application components that can be easily connected to their software environment by means of ports and adapters. This makes components exchangeable at any level and facilitates test automation ...
Logical coupling (or evolutionary coupling or change coupling) analysis exploits the release history of a software system to find change patterns among modules or classes: e.g., entities that are likely to be changed together or sequences of changes (a change in a class A is always followed by a change in a class B).
An adapter in regard to computing can be either a hardware component (device) or software that allows two or more incompatible devices to be linked together for the purpose of transmitting and receiving data. [1] Given an input, an adapter alters it in order to provide a compatible connection between the components of a system. [2]
EDSAC, on which the book was based, was the first computer in the world to provide a practical computing service for researchers. [2] Demand for the book was so limited initially that it took six years to sell out the first edition. [7] As computers became more common in the 1950s, the book became the standard textbook on programming for a time ...
Loose coupling in broader distributed system design is achieved by the use of transactions, queues provided by message-oriented middleware, and interoperability standards. [2] Four types of autonomy, which promote loose coupling, are: reference autonomy, time autonomy, format autonomy, and platform autonomy. [3]
An instruction set architecture (ISA) is an abstract model of a computer, also referred to as computer architecture.A realization of an ISA is called an implementation.An ISA permits multiple implementations that may vary in performance, physical size, and monetary cost (among other things); because the ISA serves as the interface between software and hardware.
Computer hardware and software standards are technical standards instituted for compatibility and interoperability between software, systems, platforms and devices. Hardware [ edit ]
The Peripheral Interface Adapter had a slight change in the electrical characteristics of the I/O pins so the MC6820 became the MC6821. [ 1 ] The MC6820 was used in the Apple I to interface the ASCII keyboard and the display. [ 2 ]