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The family Fringillidae are the "true" finches. The International Ornithological Committee (IOC) recognizes these 239 species in the family, distributed among three subfamilies and 50 genera. Confusingly, only 79 of the species include "finch" in their common names, and several other families include species called finches.
The term "Darwin's finches" was first applied by Percy Lowe in 1936, and popularised in 1947 by David Lack in his book Darwin's Finches. [7] [8] Lack based his analysis on the large collection of museum specimens collected by the 1905–06 Galápagos expedition of the California Academy of Sciences, to whom Lack dedicated his 1947 book. The ...
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The name Fringillidae for the finch family was introduced in 1819 by the English zoologist William Elford Leach in a guide to the contents of the British Museum. [3] [4] The taxonomy of the family, in particular the cardueline finches, has a long and complicated history.
The genus name Fringilla is Latin for "finch". [2] Linnaeus included 30 species in the genus ( Fringilla zena was listed twice) and of these the Eurasian chaffinch ( Fringilla coelebs ) is considered as the type species .
The painted finch is a small passerine that is 10–12 cm (3.9–4.7 in) in length and weighs around 11.5 g (0.41 oz). Male painted finches have a red forehead and face that stand out in contrast to the black breast of individuals.
Confusingly, only 149 of the species are called "tanager"; another 108 are called "finch". [1] This family is found only in the New World , primarily in South and Middle America and the Caribbean, though a few species are occasionally found in the United States.
The woodpecker finch (Camarhynchus pallidus) is a monomorphic species of bird in the Darwin's finch group of the tanager family Thraupidae, endemic to the Galapagos Islands. [2] The diet of a woodpecker finch revolves mostly around invertebrates , but also encompasses a variety of seeds.