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The near-infrared (NIR) window (also known as optical window or therapeutic window) defines the range of wavelengths from 650 to 1350 nanometre (nm) where light has its maximum depth of penetration in tissue. [1] Within the NIR window, scattering is the most dominant light-tissue interaction, and therefore the propagating light becomes diffused ...
NIR absorption bands are typically 10–100 times weaker than the corresponding fundamental mid-IR absorption band.) [4] The lower absorption allows NIR radiation to penetrate much further into a sample than mid infrared radiation. Near-infrared spectroscopy is, therefore, not a particularly sensitive technique, but it can be very useful in ...
The ccNIR protein uses six electrons and seven hydrogens to reduce nitrite to ammonia. [3] The active site of the enzyme contains an iron in a +2 oxidation state.The oxidation level allows nitrite to bond more strongly than to the +3 state due to increased pi backbonding.
NDVI is functionally and linearly equivalent to the ratio NIR / (NIR+VIS), which ranges from 0 to 1 and is thus never negative nor limitless in range. [6] But the most important concept in the understanding of the NDVI algebraic formula is that, despite its name, it is a transformation of a spectral ratio (NIR/VIS), and it has no functional ...
In 1977, Jöbsis [8] reported that brain tissue transparency to NIR light allowed a non-invasive and continuous method of tissue oxygen saturation using transillumination. Transillumination (forward-scattering) was of limited utility in adults because of light attenuation and was quickly replaced by reflectance-mode based techniques - resulting ...
By calculating the values for R and T for successively thinner samples (s, 1 / 2 s, 1 / 4 s, … ) using the Benford's equations for half thickness, a place will be reached where, for successive values of n (0,1,2,3,...), the expression 2 n (−log( R + T )) becomes constant to within a some specified limit, typically 0.01 ...
The normalized difference red edge index (NDRE) is a metric that can be used to analyse whether images obtained from multi-spectral image sensors contain healthy vegetation or not. [1]
An "interferogram" from a Fourier-transform spectrometer. This is the "raw data" which can be Fourier-transformed into an actual spectrum. The peak at the center is the ZPD position ("zero path difference"): Here, all the light passes through the interferometer because its two arms have equal length.