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Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCAs) are antibodies against antigens presented by the cell wall of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These antibodies are directed against oligomannose sequences α-1,3 Man (α-1,2 Man α-1,2 Man) n (n = 1 or 2). [ 1 ]
The direct Coombs test detects antibodies that are stuck to the surface of the red blood cells. [1] Since these antibodies sometimes destroy red blood cells they can cause anemia; this test can help clarify the condition. The indirect Coombs test detects antibodies that are floating freely in the blood. [1]
The IgG, IgE and IgA antibody isotypes are generated following class-switching during germinal centre reaction and provide different effector functions in response to specific antigens. IgG is the most abundant antibody class in the serum and it is divided into 4 subclasses based on differences in the structure of the constant region genes and ...
Although the exact mechanism explaining the clinical manifestations of autoimmune pancreatitis remain for an important part obscure, most professionals would agree that the development of IgG4 antibodies, recognizing an epitiope on the membrane of pancreatic ancinar cells is an important factor in the pathophysiology of the disease.
p-ANCA is associated with several medical conditions: [3] It is fairly specific, but not sensitive for ulcerative colitis, so is not useful as a sole diagnostic test. [4] When measured together with anti-saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA), p-ANCA has been estimated to have a specificity of 97% and a sensitivity of 48% in differentiating patients with ulcerative colitis from normal ...
This is a recombinant monoclonal antibody to IgG. When using ELISA, the anti-antibody also recognizes rhesus macaque IgG1, cynomolgus monkey IgG1, and cynomolgus monkey IgG4. [10] Anti-IgG3 [NH3/15.8] This is a recombinant monoclonal antibody to IgG3. Anti-IgG3 [NH3/15.8] is most commonly used in human IgG blood transfusion serology testing. [11]
Mechanism of class-switch recombination that allows isotype switching in activated B cells. Immunoglobulin class switching, also known as isotype switching, isotypic commutation or class-switch recombination (CSR), is a biological mechanism that changes a B cell's production of immunoglobulin from one type to another, such as from the isotype IgM to the isotype IgG. [1]
The Joining (J) chain is a protein component that links monomers of antibodies IgM and IgA to form polymeric antibodies capable of secretion. [5] The J chain is well conserved in the animal kingdom, but its specific functions are yet to be fully understood. It is a 137 residue polypeptide, [6] encoded by the IGJ gene. [7] [8] [9]