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The symptoms of an episode of diabetic ketoacidosis usually evolve over a period of about 24 hours. Predominant symptoms are nausea and vomiting, pronounced thirst, excessive urine production and abdominal pain that may be severe. [13] [14] In severe DKA, breathing becomes rapid and of a deep, gasping character, called "Kussmaul breathing".
The complications of diabetes can dramatically impair quality of life and cause long-lasting disability. Overall, complications are far less common and less severe in people with well-controlled blood sugar levels. [3] [4] [5] Some non-modifiable risk factors such as age at diabetes onset, type of diabetes, gender, and genetics may influence risk.
While ketosis refers to any elevation of blood ketones, ketoacidosis is a specific pathologic condition that results in changes in blood pH and requires medical attention. The most common cause of ketoacidosis is diabetic ketoacidosis but it can also be caused by alcohol, medications, toxins, and rarely, starvation. [citation needed]
If the patient is known to have diabetes, the diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis is usually suspected from the appearance and a history of 1–2 days of vomiting. The diagnosis is confirmed when the usual blood chemistries in the emergency department reveal a high blood sugar level and severe metabolic acidosis.
Ketoacidosis (e.g., Diabetic, alcoholic, or starvation) [15] Chronic kidney failure [16] 5-oxoprolinemia due to long-term ingestion of high-doses of acetaminophen with glutathione depletion [17] (often seen with sepsis, liver failure, kidney failure, or malnutrition [citation needed]) Intoxication: Salicylates, methanol, ethylene glycol [15]
A concussion can lead to symptoms such as dizziness, headaches and memory problems. But concussions are treatable. The usual treatment is rest — for the body and the brain.
The other persistent risk is diabetic ketoacidosis – a state where lack of insulin results in cells burning fat rather than sugar, producing toxic ketones as a byproduct. [29] Ketoacidosis symptoms can develop rapidly, with frequent urination, excessive thirst, nausea, vomiting, and severe abdominal pain all common. [93]
Some severe side effects with long-term consequences may include pancreatitis, acute kidney injury, gallstones, gallbladder disease, diabetic retinopathy, and an increased heart rate. Semaglutide ...