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  2. Sapphire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapphire

    Main sapphire-producing countries. Sapphire is a precious ... meaning "to score with a mark," presumably because gemstones ... American Museum of Natural History, New ...

  3. List of sapphires by size - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_sapphires_by_size

    National Museum of Natural History, Washington [10] Ruspoli Sapphire: 136.9 carats (27.38 g) [11] Stuart Sapphire: Sri Lanka 104 carats (20.8 g) Blue Tower of London [12] Bismarck Sapphire: Myanmar: 98.56 carats (19.712 g) Table Blue National Museum of Natural History, Washington [13] James J. Hill Sapphire: 22.66 carats (4.532 g) Cornflower

  4. Jewellery - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewellery

    Fancy sapphires of various colours are also available. In the United States, blue sapphire tends to be the most popular and most affordable of the three major precious gemstones (emerald, ruby, and sapphire). Turquoise Turquoise is found in only a few places on Earth, and the world's largest turquoise-producing region is the southwest United ...

  5. Ruby - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby

    Main ruby producing countries. Ruby is a pinkish red to blood-red colored gemstone, a variety of the mineral corundum (aluminium oxide). Ruby is one of the most popular traditional jewelry gems and is very durable. Other varieties of gem-quality corundum are called sapphires.

  6. Yogo sapphire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yogo_sapphire

    The American Sapphire Company, which used local gemcutters from Great Falls, went bankrupt in 1909; a new firm, the Yogo American Sapphire Company, bought the American Mine, but was bankrupt by 1913. Gadsden and his wife had convinced the New Mine Sapphire Syndicate to buy out the Yogo American Sapphire Company in 1914, and in doing so, the ...

  7. Gemstone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemstone

    Found all over the world, the industry of coloured gemstones (i.e. anything other than diamonds) is currently estimated at US$1.55 billion as of 2023 and is projected to steadily increase to a value of US$4.46 billion by 2033. [8] A gem expert is a gemologist, a gem maker is called a lapidarist or gemcutter; a diamond cutter is called a ...

  8. Cardinal gem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinal_gem

    The five cardinal gems. Clockwise from top: sapphire, ruby, emerald, amethyst, diamond. Cardinal gems are gemstones which have traditionally been considered precious above all others. The classification of the cardinal gems dates back to antiquity, and was largely determined by ceremonial or religious use as well as rarity. [1]

  9. Asterism (gemology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asterism_(gemology)

    Asterism on the surface of a blue star sapphire. A purple-pink star sapphire displaying asterism in a platinum ring. An asterism (from Ancient Greek ἀστήρ (astḗr) 'star' and -ism) is a star-shaped concentration of light reflected or refracted from a gemstone.