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The amount of carbon dioxide emitted per liter or gallon burned varies by fuel type, since each type of fuel contains a different amount of carbon per gallon or liter. The ratings reflect carbon dioxide (CO 2), nitrous oxide (N 2 O) and methane (CH 4) emissions, weighted to reflect each gas's relative contribution to the greenhouse effect.
The largest part of most combustion gas is nitrogen (N 2), water vapor (H 2 O) (except with pure-carbon fuels), and carbon dioxide (CO 2) (except for fuels without carbon); these are not toxic or noxious (although water vapor and carbon dioxide are greenhouse gases that contribute to climate change).
The first automobile emissions standards were ... pounds of carbon dioxide per ... of lead from petrol and the reduction of sulphur levels in diesel from 3,000 parts ...
About 16% of manmade carbon dioxide is from road transport, [17] mostly passenger vehicles. [18] Gasoline cars with less than two passengers produce more carbon dioxide per passenger kilometer than any other form of land transport. [19] The changing speed of a vehicle is a factor when considering the measurement of greenhouse gas emissions ...
In the European Union, emissions of nitrogen oxides (NO x), total hydrocarbon (THC), non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC), carbon monoxide (CO) and particulate matter (PM) are regulated for most vehicle types, including cars, trucks (lorries), locomotives, tractors and similar machinery, barges, but excluding seagoing ships and aeroplanes.
In the meantime, carbon dioxide levels are themselves increasing at record levels. The early-2024 rise in carbon dioxide concentrations was the highest in history, and the increase from 2022 to ...
While diesel fuel contains slightly more carbon (2.68 kg CO 2 /litre) than petrol (2.31 kg CO 2 /litre), overall, the CO 2 emissions of a diesel car tend to be lower due to higher efficiency. In use, on average, this equates to around 200 g CO 2 /km for petrol and 120 g CO 2 /km for diesel.
In order of significance, the principal greenhouse gases associated with road transport are carbon dioxide (CO 2), methane (CH 4) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O). [27] Road transport is the third largest source of greenhouse gases emitted in the UK, and accounts for about 27% of total emissions, [ 28 ] and 33% in the United States. [ 29 ]
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