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Salmonellosis is a symptomatic infection caused by bacteria of the Salmonella type. [1] It is the most common disease to be known as food poisoning (though the name refers to food-borne illness in general), these are defined as diseases, usually either infectious or toxic in nature, caused by agents that enter the body through the ingestion of food.
Typhoid fever, also known simply as typhoid, is a disease caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi bacteria, also called Salmonella Typhi. [2] [3] Symptoms vary from mild to severe, and usually begin six to 30 days after exposure. [4] [5] Often there is a gradual onset of a high fever over several days. [4]
Diagnosis may be based on symptoms and confirmed by either culturing the bacteria or detecting the bacterial DNA in the blood, stool, or bone marrow. [1] [3] Culturing the bacteria can be difficult. [3] Bone-marrow testing is the most accurate. [4] Symptoms are similar to those of many other infectious diseases. [3] Typhus is a different ...
Salmonella species can be found in the digestive tracts of humans and animals, especially reptiles. Salmonella on the skin of reptiles or amphibians can be passed to people who handle the animals. [39] Food and water can also be contaminated with the bacteria if they come in contact with the feces of infected people or animals. [40]
Those infected usually develop symptoms anywhere from 12 to 72 hours after first contact with Salmonella bacteria, and most do not require serious medical attention. [8] This salmonellosis displays itself in humans with fever, abdominal pain, nausea, and, most commonly, diarrhea for a period of up to 7 days. [8]
Human microbiota are microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi and archaea) found in a specific environment. They can be found in the stomach, intestines, skin, genitals and other parts of the body. [1] Various body parts have diverse microorganisms. Some microbes are specific to certain body parts and others are associated with many microbiomes.
In children, bacteria are the cause in about 15% of cases, with the most common types being Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Shigella, and Campylobacter species. [13] If food becomes contaminated with bacteria and remains at room temperature for several hours, the bacteria multiply and increase the risk of infection in those who consume the food. [17]
Color-enhanced scanning electron micrograph showing Salmonella Typhimurium (red) invading cultured human cells. Salmonella is a bacterium that produces the symptoms of diarrhoea, fever and abdominal cramps in infected individuals 12-72 hours after exposure. Most people recover without treatment and the illness usually lasts for 4-7 days.