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Paradoxically the two digits that are missing are different: the bird hand (embedded in the wing) is thought to derive from the second, third and fourth digits of the ancestral five-digit hand. In contrast, the theropod dinosaurs seem to have the first, second and third digits.
Illustration depicting the bones of the human hand. The thumb (connected to the trapezium) is located on one of the sides, parallel to the arm. The palm has five bones known as metacarpal bones, one to each of the five digits.
Some evolutionary anatomists use the term hand to refer to the appendage of digits on the forelimb more generally—for example, in the context of whether the three digits of the bird hand involved the same homologous loss of two digits as in the dinosaur hand. [2] The human hand usually has five digits: four fingers plus one thumb; [3] [4 ...
Human hand anatomy (pentadactyl) In biology, dactyly is the arrangement of digits (fingers and toes) on the hands, feet, or sometimes wings of a tetrapod animal. The term is derived from the Greek word δακτυλος (dáktylos) meaning "finger." Sometimes the suffix "-dactylia" is used. The derived adjectives end with "-dactyl" or "-dactylous."
In the Five-finger system, the first finger usually refers to the thumb (or first digit) in a medical context, [1] or in a musical context when referring to playing keyboard instruments, such as the piano or accordion.
The hand is a non-SI unit of measurement of length standardized to 4 in (101.6 mm). ... Five digits are equal to a hand, with thumb; and six to a closed fist. [11]
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The English word finger has two senses, even in the context of appendages of a single typical human hand: 1) Any of the five terminal members of the hand. 2) Any of the four terminal members of the hand, other than the thumb. [2]