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Dart is an object-oriented, class-based, garbage-collected language with C-style syntax. [9] It can compile to machine code , JavaScript , or WebAssembly . It supports interfaces , mixins , abstract classes , reified generics and type inference .
Access modifiers (or access specifiers) are keywords in object-oriented languages that set the accessibility of classes, methods, and other members. Access modifiers are a specific part of programming language syntax used to facilitate the encapsulation of components. [1] In C++, there are only three access modifiers.
Classes may inherit from other classes, so they are arranged in a hierarchy that represents "is-a-type-of" relationships. For example, class Employee might inherit from class Person. All the data and methods available to the parent class also appear in the child class with the same names.
In the Dart language, used in the Flutter SDK, the conventions are similar to those of Java, except that constants are written in lowerCamelCase. Dart imposes the syntactic rule that non-local identifiers beginning with an underscore (_) are treated as private (since the language does not have explicit keywords for public or private access ...
In some languages a class may be declared as non-subclassable by adding certain class modifiers to the class declaration. Examples include the final keyword in Java and C++11 onwards or the sealed keyword in C#. Such modifiers are added to the class declaration before the class keyword and the class identifier
Any call to a class (static or constructor call), triggers the static constructor execution. Static constructors are thread safe and implement a singleton pattern. When used in a generic programming class, static constructors are called at every new generic instantiation one per type. [8]: 38 [4]: 111 Static variables are instantiated as well.
In software engineering, a class diagram [1] in the Unified Modeling Language (UML) is a type of static structure diagram that describes the structure of a system by showing the system's classes, their attributes, operations (or methods), and the relationships among objects. The class diagram is the main building block of object-oriented modeling.
Decorator UML class diagram. The decorator pattern can be used to extend (decorate) the functionality of a certain object statically, or in some cases at run-time, independently of other instances of the same class, provided some groundwork is done at design time.