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Using FISH for diagnostic purposes has found its purpose when immediate species identification is needed, specifically for the investigation of blood cultures for which FISH is a cheap and easy technique for preliminary rapid diagnosis. [30] FISH can also be used to compare the genomes of two biological species, to deduce evolutionary ...
Quantitative Fluorescent in situ hybridization (Q-FISH) is a cytogenetic technique based on the traditional FISH methodology. In Q-FISH, the technique uses labelled (Cy3 or FITC) synthetic DNA mimics called peptide nucleic acid (PNA) oligonucleotides to quantify target sequences in chromosomal DNA using fluorescent microscopy and analysis software.
PSO is originally attributed to Kennedy, Eberhart and Shi [2] [3] and was first intended for simulating social behaviour, [4] as a stylized representation of the movement of organisms in a bird flock or fish school. The algorithm was simplified and it was observed to be performing optimization.
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Flow-FISH was first published in 1998 by Rufer et al. [11] as a modification of another technique for analyzing telomere length, Q-FISH, that employs peptide nucleic acid probes [12] of a 3'-CCCTAACCCTAACCCTAA-5' sequence labeled with a fluorescin fluorophore to stain telomeric repeats on prepared metaphase spreads of cells that have been treated with colcemid, hypotonic shock, and fixation to ...
Nick translation [1] (or head translation), developed in 1977 by Peter Rigby and Paul Berg, is a tagging technique in molecular biology in which DNA polymerase I is used to replace some of the nucleotides of a DNA sequence with their labeled analogues, creating a tagged DNA sequence which can be used as a probe in fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) or blotting techniques.
Simple computations in all individuals (i.e. fish) Various means of storing information (i.e. weights of fish and school barycenter) Local computations (i.e. swimming is composed of distinct components) Low communications between neighboring individuals (i.e. fish are to think local but also be socially aware)
Chromosome combing (also known as molecular combing or DNA combing) [1] is a technique used to produce an array of uniformly stretched DNA that is then highly suitable for nucleic acid hybridization studies such as fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) which benefit from the uniformity of stretching, the easy access to the hybridisation target sequences, [2] and the resolution offered by ...