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For example, an 8-bit-byte-addressable machine with a 20-bit address bus (e.g. Intel 8086) can address 2 20 (1,048,576) memory locations, or one MiB of memory, while a 32-bit bus (e.g. Intel 80386) addresses 2 32 (4,294,967,296) locations, or a 4 GiB address space. In contrast, a 36-bit word-addressable machine with an 18-bit address bus ...
Hence, a processor with 64-bit memory addresses can directly access 2 64 bytes (16 exabytes or EB) of byte-addressable memory. With no further qualification, a 64-bit computer architecture generally has integer and addressing registers that are 64 bits wide, allowing direct support for 64-bit data types and addresses.
The basic unit of digital storage is a bit, storing a single 0 or 1. Many common instruction set architectures can address more than 8 bits of data at a time. For example, 32-bit x86 processors have 32-bit general-purpose registers and can handle 32-bit (4-byte) data in single instructions. However, data in memory may be of various lengths.
The follow-on system [3] to a processor with a 12 bit address has a 15 bit address bus, but there is no way to directly specify the high three bits on the address bus. Internal bank registers can be used to provide those bits. The follow-on system [4] to a processor with a 15 bit address has an 18 bit address bus, but legacy instructions only ...
The page table structure used by x86-64 CPUs when operating in long mode further extends the page table hierarchy to four or more levels, extending the virtual address space, and uses additional physical address bits at all levels of the page table, extending the physical address space. It also uses the topmost bit of the 64-bit page table ...
Once you complete the steps, you can determine whether the device runs the 32-bit version of Windows 10 on a 64-bit processor. However, if it reads "32-bit operating system, x86-based processor ...
The Intel 8080 used by these computers was an 8-bit processor, with 16-bit address space, which allowed it access up to 64 KB of memory; .COM executables used with CP/M have a maximum size of 64 KB due to this, as do those used by DOS operating systems for 16-bit microprocessors.
With a 32-bit DOS extender, a game could benefit from a 32-bit flat address space and the full 32-bit instruction set without the 66h/67h operand/address override prefixes. 32-bit DOS extenders required compiler support (32-bit compilers) while XMS and EMS worked with an old compiler targeting 16-bit real-mode DOS applications.