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2. List of biophysically important macromolecular crystal ...

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_biophysically...

   The myoglobin 3-dimensional structure is made up of 8 alpha-helices, and the crystal structure showed that their conformation was right-handed and very closely matched the geometry proposed by Linus Pauling, with 3.6 residues per turn and backbone hydrogen bonds from the peptide NH of one residue to the peptide CO of residue i+4.

3. Crystallization - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystallization

   Crystallization is the process by which solids form, where the atoms or molecules are highly organized into a structure known as a crystal.Some ways by which crystals form are precipitating from a solution, freezing, or more rarely deposition directly from a gas.

4. Crystal - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal

   A crystal's crystallographic forms are sets of possible faces of the crystal that are related by one of the symmetries of the crystal. For example, crystals of galena often take the shape of cubes, and the six faces of the cube belong to a crystallographic form that displays one of the symmetries of the isometric crystal system. Galena also ...

5. Ionic crystal - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionic_crystal

   In chemistry, an ionic crystal is a crystalline form of an ionic compound. They are solids consisting of ions bound together by their electrostatic attraction into a regular lattice . Examples of such crystals are the alkali halides , including potassium fluoride (KF), potassium chloride (KCl), potassium bromide (KBr), potassium iodide (KI ...

6. Thermotropic crystal - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermotropic_crystal

   A liquid crystal phase is thermotropic if its order parameter is determined by temperature. At high temperatures, liquid crystals become an isotropic liquid and at low temperatures, they tend to glassify. In a thermotropic crystal, those phase transitions occur only at temperature extremes; the phase is insensitive to concentration.

7. List of states of matter - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_states_of_matter

   Time crystals: A state of matter where an object can have movement even at its lowest energy state. Hidden states of matter : Phases that are unattainable or do not exist in thermal equilibrium, but can be induced e.g. by photoexcitation .

8. Crystal structure - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_structure

   All crystals have translational symmetry in three directions, but some have other symmetry elements as well. For example, rotating the crystal 180° about a certain axis may result in an atomic configuration that is identical to the original configuration; the crystal has twofold rotational symmetry about this axis.

9. Crystallography - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystallography

   Crystallography ranges from the fundamentals of crystal structure to the mathematics of crystal geometry, including those that are not periodic or quasicrystals. At the atomic scale it can involve the use of X-ray diffraction to produce experimental data that the tools of X-ray crystallography can convert into detailed positions of atoms, and ...