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Rust fungi can produce up to five spore types from corresponding fruiting body types during their life cycle, depending on the species. Roman numerals have traditionally been used to refer to these morphological types. 0-Pycniospores from Pycnidia. These serve mainly as haploid gametes in heterothallic rusts. I-Aeciospores from Aecia.
The Puccinia species causing wheat leaf rust has been called by at least six different names since 1882, when G. Winter (1882) described the Puccinia rubigo-vera. [5] During this time, wheat leaf rust was interpreted as a specialized form of P. rubigo-vera. Later, Eriksson and Henning (1894) classified the fungi as P. dispersa f.sp. tritici.
The stem rust fungus attacks the parts of the plant that are above ground. Spores that land on green wheat plants form a pustule that invades the outer layers of the stalk. [7] Infected plants produce fewer tillers and set fewer seed, and in cases of severe infection the plant may die. Infection can reduce what is an apparently healthy crop ...
Puccinia is a genus of fungi.All species in this genus are obligate plant pathogens and are known as rusts. [1] The genus contains about 4000 species. [2]The genus name of Puccinia is in honour of Tommaso Puccini (died 1735), who was an Italian doctor and botanist who taught anatomy at Hospital of Santa Maria Nuova in Florence.
The taxonomy of P. striiformis was revised by Liu & Hambleton in 2010. These strains – commonly called stripe rusts of wheat and other grasses – were redefined as a sensu lato and separated into four species based on molecular and morphological studies: Puccinia striiformis sensu stricto (on Aegilops, Elymus, Hordeum and Triticum spp.), Puccinia pseudostriiformis (on Poa spp.), Puccinia ...
Other cereal rust fungi have macrocyclic, heteroecious life cycles, involving five spore stages and two phylogenetically unrelated hosts. P. striiformis was thought to be microcyclic for centuries until 2009, when a team of scientists at the USDA-ARS Cereal Disease Lab led by Yue Jin confirmed that barberry (Berberis and Mahonia spp.) is an alternate host. [3]
Uromyces is a genus of rust fungi in the family Pucciniaceae.The genus was described by Franz Unger in his 1833 work Die Exantheme der Pflanzen.They have a worldwide distribution but large occurrences happen in North America and Europe.
The Cronartiaceae are a family of rust fungi in the order Uredinales. They are heteroecious rusts with two alternating hosts, typically a pine and a flowering plant, and up to five spore stages. Many of the species are plant diseases of major economic importance, causing significant damage and (in some cases) heavy mortality in conifers.