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Syphilis (/ ˈ s ɪ f ə l ɪ s /) is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum. [1] The signs and symptoms depend on the stage it presents: primary, secondary, latent or tertiary.
Treponema pallidum, formerly known as Spirochaeta pallida, is a microaerophilic, gram-negative, spirochaete bacterium with subspecies that cause the diseases syphilis, bejel (also known as endemic syphilis), and yaws. [1]
Crosby says that the bacterium that causes syphilis belongs to the same phylogenetic family as the bacteria that cause yaws and several other diseases. Despite the tradition of assigning the homeland of yaws to sub-Saharan Africa , Crosby notes that there is no unequivocal evidence of any related disease having been present in pre-Columbian ...
Bacterial pathogens often cause infection in specific areas of the body. Others are generalists. Bacterial vaginosis is a condition of the vaginal microbiota in which an excessive growth of Gardnerella vaginalis and other mostly anaerobic bacteria displace the beneficial Lactobacilli species that maintain healthy vaginal microbial populations. [13]
The origins of syphilis — a sexually transmitted infection that devastated 15th century Europe and is still prevalent today ... the bacterium that causes syphilis and two other related diseases ...
Treponema is a genus of spiral-shaped bacteria. The major treponeme species of human pathogens is Treponema pallidum, whose subspecies are responsible for diseases such as syphilis, bejel, and yaws. Treponema carateum is the cause of pinta. [2] Treponema paraluiscuniculi is associated with syphilis in rabbits. [3]
Neurosyphilis is the infection of the central nervous system by Treponema pallidum, the bacterium that causes the sexually transmitted infection syphilis.In the era of modern antibiotics, the majority of neurosyphilis cases have been reported in HIV-infected patients.
A high incidence of syphilis can be found in places such as Cameroon, Cambodia, Papua New Guinea. [68] Syphilis infections are increasing in the United States. [69] Trichomoniasis is a common STI that is caused by infection with a protozoan parasite called Trichomonas vaginalis. [70]