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Traumatic CSF rhinorrhoea is the most common type of CSF rhinorrhoea. [1] It may be due to severe head injury, or from complications from neurosurgery. [1] Spontaneous CSF rhinorrhoea is the most common acquired defect in the skull base bones (anterior cranial fossa) causing spontaneous nasal liquorrhea.
A cerebrospinal fluid leak (CSF leak or CSFL) is a medical condition where the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ... Fluid dripping from the nose (CSF rhinorrhoea) ...
A cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak occurs in about 20% of cases and may result in fluid leaking from the nose or ear. [1] Meningitis occurs in about 14% of cases. [2] Other complications include injuries to the cranial nerves or blood vessels. [1] A basilar skull fracture typically requires a significant degree of trauma to occur. [1]
Basilar fractures have characteristic signs: blood in the sinuses; cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea (CSF leaking from the nose) or from the ears (cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea); periorbital ecchymosis often called 'raccoon eyes' [7] (bruising of the orbits of the eyes that result from blood collecting there as it leaks from the fracture site); and ...
Non-traumatic rhinorrhea is a challenge in diagnosis and choice of surgical approach. Of importance to successful surgical outcome is the demonstration of fistula. Within the non-traumatic category, CSF rhinorrhea occurring with primary empty sella (PES) was first reported by Ommaya. [24]
leaking cerebrospinal fluid (a clear fluid drainage from nose, mouth or ear) is strongly indicative of basilar skull fracture and the tearing of sheaths surrounding the brain, which can lead to secondary brain infection. visible deformity or depression in the head or face; for example a sunken eye can indicate a maxillar fracture
MeSH C10.900.300.131 – cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea MeSH C10.900.300.153 – cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea MeSH C10.900.300.175 – coma, post-head injury
If there is suspicion that the skull base has been injured, such as during a Le Fort III fracture, the patient should be examined for clear drainage from the ear or nose which may be caused by a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak. [2] [6] Abnormal findings during these mouth, eye, ear, or nose exams may require further evaluation.