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Alkyl sulfates if ingested are well-absorbed and are metabolized into a C 3, C 4 or C 5 sulfate and an additional metabolite. The highest irritant of the alkyl sulfates is sodium laurylsulfate, with the threshold before irritation at a concentration of 20%. Surfactants in consumer products are typically mixed, reducing likelihood of irritation.
Firefighters spraying foam on structures in the Mammoth Hot Springs complex on 10 September 1988 during the Yellowstone Fires. Firefighting foam is a foam used for fire suppression. Its role is to cool the fire and to coat the fuel, preventing its contact with oxygen, thus achieving suppression of the combustion.
Popular surfactants in the biochemistry laboratory are sodium lauryl sulfate (SDS) and cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). Detergents are key reagents to extract protein by lysis of the cells and tissues: they disorganize the membrane's lipid bilayer (SDS, Triton X-100 , X-114 , CHAPS , DOC , and NP-40 ), and solubilize proteins.
Sodium laureth sulfate (SLES), an accepted contraction of sodium lauryl ether sulfate, also called sodium alkylethersulfate, is an anionic detergent and surfactant found in many personal care products (soaps, shampoos, toothpaste, etc.) and for industrial uses. SLES is an inexpensive and very effective foaming agent. [1]
Fatty acid esters of isethionic acid (such as sodium lauroyl isethionate and sodium cocoyl isethionate) are used as biodegradable anionic surfactants. [3] These materials are much milder to skin that other sulfate based surfactants (i.e. sodium lauryl sulfate) [4] making them popular for use in make-up, shampoos and detergent bars including those made by Dove.
Structure and properties [1]; Index of refraction, n D: Abbe number? Dielectric constant, ε r: anhydrous: 7.90 at r.t. decahydrate: 5.0 at r.t. pentahydrate: 7 at ...
Substance Formula 0 °C 10 °C 20 °C 30 °C 40 °C 50 °C 60 °C 70 °C 80 °C 90 °C 100 °C Barium acetate: Ba(C 2 H 3 O 2) 2: 58.8: 62: 72: 75: 78.5: 77: 75
α-Olefin sulfonates with linear alkenyl radicals from C 12 to C 18 are used as anionic surfactants in various areas of application due to their pronounced foam formation [clarification needed] and foam stability (even with high water hardness), excellent fat-dissolving power and oil dissolving power as well as a favorable ecological profile and low aquatic toxicity and human toxicity.