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Joan Breton Connelly Portrait of a Priestess: Women and Ritual in Ancient Greece Princeton University Press March 2007 ^ Silvia Evangelisti Nuns: A History of Convent Life, OUP 2007 ^ Pechilis, Karen. The Graceful Guru: Hindu Female Gurus in India and the United States ISBN 0-19-514538-0 ^ Shattuck, Cybelle and Lewis, Nancy D.
Women Living Zen: Japanese Soto Buddhist Nuns. Bechert, Heinz; Gombrich, Richard Francis (1991). The World of Buddhism: Buddhist Monks and Nuns in Society and Culture. Lohuis, Elles (2013). Glocal Place, Lived Space: Everyday Life in a Tibetan Buddhist Monastery for Nuns in Northern India. Catholics. Chadwick, Owen (1981). The Popes and ...
(See Greco-Buddhist art.) Buddhism was known in the pre-Christian Greek world through the campaigns of Alexander the Great (see Greco-Buddhism and Greco-Buddhist monasticism), and several prominent early Christian fathers, including Clement of Alexandria and St. Jerome, were aware of the Buddha, even mentioning him in their works.
The role of Greek Buddhist monks in the development of the Buddhist faith under the patronage of Emperor Ashoka around 260 BCE and subsequently during the reign of the Indo-Greek king Menander (r. 165/155–130 BCE) is described in the Mahavamsa, an important non-canonical Theravada Buddhist historical text compiled in Sri Lanka in the 6th century in the Pali language.
Although the prevalent romantic view on Buddhism sees it as an authentic and ancient practice, contemporary Buddhism is deeply influenced by the western culture. With the rise of western colonialism in the 19th century, Asian cultures and religions developed strategies to adapt to the western hegemony, without losing their own traditions.
Buddhist monasticism is one of the earliest surviving forms of organized monasticism and one of the fundamental institutions of Buddhism.Monks and nuns, called bhikkhu (Pali, Skt. bhikshu) and bhikkhuni (Skt. bhikshuni), are responsible for the preservation and dissemination of the Buddha's teaching and the guidance of Buddhist lay people.
Buddhism has influenced Greek literary tradition to some extent, as evident in the works of Nikos Kazantzakis. [3] There are many Buddhist centers in Greece, four centers founded by the Diamond Way and other centers in cities such as Athens , Thessaloniki , Sparta and Rhodes .
A number of Greek atheists exist, not self-identifying as religious. Religion is key part of identity for most Greeks, with 76% of Greeks in a 2015–2017 survey saying that their nationality is defined by Christianity. [3] According to other sources, 81.4% of Greeks identify as Orthodox Christians and 14.7% are atheists. [4] Monastery of Varlaam