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The fifth generation of the BMW 3 Series range of compact executive cars is designated under the model codes E90 (saloon), E91 (estate, marketed as 'Touring'), E92 (coupé) and E93 (convertible). The model was introduced in December 2004, [ 8 ] and produced by BMW until October 2013 and is often collectively referred to as the E90 or E9x.
Automated manual transmissions can be semi-automatic or fully-automatic in operation. Several different systems to automate the clutch and/or shifting have been used over the years, but they will generally use one of the following methods of actuation for the clutch and/or shifting: hydraulic or electro-hydraulic actuation, [12] electro-mechanical, [13] pneumatic, [6] [14] [15] electromagnetic ...
The S65 shares the same cylinder dimensions with the S85 V10, with a 92 mm (3.6 in) bore and a 75.2 mm (3.0 in) stroke. Other common features include individual throttle bodies, [3] ionic current knock sensing, [4] double-VANOS (variable valve timing) and the 12.0:1 compression ratio. [5]
Compared with its M54 predecessor, the N52 features Valvetronic (variable valve lift), [7] a lighter block due to the use of a magnesium alloy [8] and an electric water pump (replacing the belt-driven water pump) [9] [10] and a variable output oil pump. [11] The redline was increased from 6,500 rpm to 7,000 rpm, except for N52B25 (130 kW). [12]
A dual-clutch transmission (DCT) (sometimes referred to as a twin-clutch transmission) is a type of multi-speed vehicle transmission system, that uses two separate clutches for odd and even gear sets. [1] The design is often similar to two separate manual transmissions with their respective clutches contained within one housing, and working as ...
The sole transmission option was the 7-speed dual-clutch transmission (M-DCT) and the official 0–100 km/h (0–62 mph) acceleration time for the GTS is 4.4 seconds. [ 123 ] The car weighs 136 kg (300 lb) less than the regular M3, due to a lighter centre console and door panels, polycarbonate side and rear windows, a lack of rear seats and the ...
The weight of the European specification M4 equipped with a manual transmission is 1,572 kg (3,466 lb) and with the M-DCT dual-clutch transmission, the car is some 40 kg (88 lb) heavier, losing some 80 kg (176 lb) as compared to the E92 M3. [4] As per its E92 predecessor, the roof of the coupe model is constructed from carbon fiber (except if ...
The Z4 sDrive35is is not available with a 6 speed manual. It was only available with a 7-speed dual-clutch transmission (DCT) in the M Sport trim, [40] and uses an upgraded version of the N54 engine shared with the 1 Series M Coupé. The engine has a computer-controlled overboost function for 3rd to 7th gears.