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The gatekeeper is also smaller and more orange than the meadow brown and has double pupils on its eyespots. [4] Two other similar species of Pyronia are found in southern Europe, the southern gatekeeper (P. cecilia) and the Spanish gatekeeper (P. bathsheba). P. tithonus has two known subspecies. P. t.
The meadow brown (Maniola jurtina) is a butterfly found in the Palearctic realm. Its range includes Europe south of 62°N , Russia eastwards to the Urals , Asia Minor , Iraq , Iran , North Africa and the Canary Islands .
Gatekeeper, Pyronia tithonus (Linnaeus, 1767) Spanish gatekeeper, Pyronia bathseba (Fabricius, 1793) Oriental meadow brown, Hyponephele lupinus (O. Costa 1836) Dusky meadow brown, Hyponephele lycaon (Rottemburg 1775) Koçak's meadow brown, Hyponephele huebneri Koçak, 1980 South European Russia [15] Aegean meadow brown, Maniola chia Thomson, 1987
Meadow brown, Maniola jurtina (Linnaeus, 1758) Moroccan meadow brown, Hyponephele maroccana (Blachier, 1908) Oriental meadow brown, Hyponephele lupinus (Costa, 1836) Gatekeeper, Pyronia tithonus (Linnaeus, 1758) Southern gatekeeper, Pyronia cecilia (Vallantin, 1894) Spanish gatekeeper, Pyronia bathseba (Fabricius, 1793) Coenonympha lyllus ...
Pyronia cecilia (Vallantin, 1894) – southern gatekeeper (Morocco, southern Europe, Asia Minor) Pyronia coenonympha Felder, 1865 – (Himalayas) Pyronia janiroides (Herrich-Schäffer, [1851]) – false meadow brown (Algeria, Tunisia) Pyronia tithonus (Linnaeus, 1771) – gatekeeper or hedge brown (Europe, Asia Minor, Caucasus, Morocco)
The list comprises butterfly species listed in The Moths and Butterflies of Great Britain and Ireland by Emmet et al. [1] and Britain's Butterflies by Tomlinson and Still. [2] A study by NERC in 2004 found there has been a species decline of 71% of butterfly species between 1983 and 2003. [3]
Pyronia bathseba, the Spanish gatekeeper, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found on the Iberian Peninsula and in France , Morocco , and Algeria . A similar gatekeeper species is Pyronia tithonus , which is found in northern Europe.
Gatekeeper – Pyronia tithonus NT Restricted to South and South-East coasts. Meadow brown – Maniola jurtina LC The Irish subspecies is iernes Graves, 1930; Ringlet – Aphantopus hyperantus LC; Small heath – Coenonympha pamphilus NT Scattered throughout Ireland.Prefers drier grassland on well-drained soils.