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Solution to Fibonacci rabbit problem: In a growing idealized population, the number of rabbit pairs form the Fibonacci sequence. At the end of the n th month, the number of pairs is equal to F n. Relation to the golden ratio
A fraction 3 / y requires three terms in its greedy expansion if and only if y ≡ 1 (mod 6), for then −y mod x = 2 and y(y + 2) / 3 is odd, so the fraction remaining after a single step of the greedy expansion, () ⌈ ⌉ = (+) is in simplest terms. The simplest fraction 3 / y with a three-term expansion is 3 / 7 .
Another example in this chapter involves the growth of a population of rabbits, where the solution requires generating a numerical sequence. [8] Although the problem dates back long before Leonardo, its inclusion in his book is why the Fibonacci sequence is named after him today.
For instance, Fibonacci represents the fraction 8 / 11 by splitting the numerator into a sum of two numbers, each of which divides one plus the denominator: 8 / 11 = 6 / 11 + 2 / 11 . Fibonacci applies the algebraic identity above to each these two parts, producing the expansion 8 / 11 = 1 / 2 ...
A famous example is the recurrence for the Fibonacci numbers, = + where the order is two and the linear function merely adds the two previous terms. This example is a linear recurrence with constant coefficients , because the coefficients of the linear function (1 and 1) are constants that do not depend on n . {\displaystyle n.}
The solution, generation by generation, was a sequence of numbers later known as Fibonacci numbers. Although Fibonacci's Liber Abaci contains the earliest known description of the sequence outside of India, the sequence had been described by Indian mathematicians as early as the sixth century. [30] [31] [32] [33]
For generalized Fibonacci sequences (satisfying the same recurrence relation, but with other initial values, e.g. the Lucas numbers) the number of occurrences of 0 per cycle is 0, 1, 2, or 4. The ratio of the Pisano period of n and the number of zeros modulo n in the cycle gives the rank of apparition or Fibonacci entry point of n.
The Lucas sequence has the same recursive relationship as the Fibonacci sequence, where each term is the sum of the two previous terms, but with different starting values. [1] This produces a sequence where the ratios of successive terms approach the golden ratio, and in fact the terms themselves are roundings of integer powers of the golden ...