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The Great Disappointment is viewed by some scholars as an example of the psychological phenomenon of cognitive dissonance. [45] The theory was proposed by Leon Festinger to describe the formation of new beliefs and increased proselytizing in order to reduce the tension, or dissonance, that results from failed prophecies. [46]
They were united by a belief in the imminent return of Jesus Christ—the Second Advent. After the Great Disappointment of October 22, 1844, discussion of beliefs began to fragment the once united Millerites. Dunton points out that there were four main divisive doctrines being discussed by Millerites around the time of the Albany Conference:
William Miller's Low Hampton, New York home. William Miller (February 15, 1782 – December 20, 1849) was an American clergyman who is credited with beginning the mid-19th-century North American religious movement known as Millerism.
After the Great Disappointment, Litch first thought there was some misunderstanding with regard to what happened in 1844. In 1845, he was present at the Albany Conference where the Millerites who were opposed to the shut-door doctrine met to work out the meaning of the Great Disappointment, and determine the future of the movement.
Apollos Hale (1807–1898) [1] was a Methodist Episcopal preacher in New England.He joined the Millerites and contributed significantly as a lecturer, a writer, and co-designer of the widely disseminated "1843 chart".
Himes was born in Wickford, Rhode Island, to Stuckeley Himes and Elizabeth Vaughn Himes. [1] His parents intended for him to become an Episcopal priest, but when Himes was twelve, his father fell into financial ruin when a ship captain disappeared with a valuable cargo, leaving Stuckeley in immense debt.
Uriah Smith was born in 1832 in West Wilton, New Hampshire.His family accepted the Millerite message and in 1844 experienced what has become known as the Great Disappointment.
Samuel Sheffield Snow (1806–1890) was a skeptic turned Millerite preacher who calculated that the return of Christ was to take place on October 22, 1844. His teaching sparked what became known as the "Seventh-Month movement," which led to the Great Disappointment when Jesus did not return as expected.