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P ' is the inverse of P with respect to the circle. To invert a number in arithmetic usually means to take its reciprocal. A closely related idea in geometry is that of "inverting" a point. In the plane, the inverse of a point P with respect to a reference circle (Ø) with center O and radius r is a point P ', lying on the ray from O through P ...
For example, the inverse of a cubic function with a local maximum and a local minimum has three branches (see the adjacent picture). The arcsine is a partial inverse of the sine function. These considerations are particularly important for defining the inverses of trigonometric functions. For example, the sine function is not one-to-one, since
In mathematics, inverse mapping theorem may refer to: the inverse function theorem on the existence of local inverses for functions with non-singular derivatives the bounded inverse theorem on the boundedness of the inverse for invertible bounded linear operators on Banach spaces
For functions of a single variable, the theorem states that if is a continuously differentiable function with nonzero derivative at the point ; then is injective (or bijective onto the image) in a neighborhood of , the inverse is continuously differentiable near = (), and the derivative of the inverse function at is the reciprocal of the derivative of at : ′ = ′ = ′ (()).
In calculus, the inverse function rule is a formula that expresses the derivative of the inverse of a bijective and differentiable function f in terms of the derivative of f. More precisely, if the inverse of f {\displaystyle f} is denoted as f − 1 {\displaystyle f^{-1}} , where f − 1 ( y ) = x {\displaystyle f^{-1}(y)=x} if and only if f ...
Another example is the application of conformal mapping technique for solving the boundary value problem of liquid sloshing in tanks. [ 19 ] If a function is harmonic (that is, it satisfies Laplace's equation ∇ 2 f = 0 {\displaystyle \nabla ^{2}f=0} ) over a plane domain (which is two-dimensional), and is transformed via a conformal map to ...
CGA has particularly been applied in connection with the projective mapping of the everyday Euclidean space R 3 into a five-dimensional vector space R 4,1, which has been investigated for applications in robotics and computer vision. It can be applied generally to any pseudo-Euclidean space - for example, Minkowski space R 3,1 to the space R 4,2.
Any involution is a bijection.. The identity map is a trivial example of an involution. Examples of nontrivial involutions include negation (x ↦ −x), reciprocation (x ↦ 1/x), and complex conjugation (z ↦ z) in arithmetic; reflection, half-turn rotation, and circle inversion in geometry; complementation in set theory; and reciprocal ciphers such as the ROT13 transformation and the ...