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Choriocarcinoma is a malignant, trophoblastic [1] cancer, usually of the placenta. It is characterized by early hematogenous spread to the lungs. It is characterized by early hematogenous spread to the lungs.
Immunohistochemistry often shows positive staining for hPL, [4] [5] keratin, [5] Mel-CAM, [5] and EGFR., [4] This immunohistochemical profile, particularly the strong positivity for hPL and Mel-CAM, along with the negative or focal staining for β-hCG and p63, helps distinguish PSTT from other types of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia such as choriocarcinoma and epithelioid trophoblastic ...
Gestational choriocarcinoma is a form of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia, which is a type of gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD), that can occur during pregnancy. It is a rare disease where the trophoblast , a layer of cells surrounding the blastocyst , undergoes abnormal developments, leading to trophoblastic tumors .
The exact pathogenesis of choriocarcinoma has not been fully understood, but studies have shown cytotrophoblast cells function as stem cells and transform into malignant form. The neoplastic cytotrophoblast further differentiates into either intermediate trophoblasts or syncytiotrophoblast. [citation needed]
Although choriocarcinoma is a highly malignant tumour and a life-threatening disease, it is very sensitive to chemotherapy. Virtually all women with non-metastatic disease are cured and retain their fertility; the prognosis is also very good for those with metastatic (spreading) cancer, in the early stages, but fertility may be lost.
A micrograph showing a choriocarcinoma spread to the lung [13] Choriocarcinomas are exceptionally rare which account for 2.1%-3.4% of all OGCTs. [ 14 ] Under gross examination, the syncytiotrophoblast cells are aligned in a plexiform arrangement with the mononucleated cytotrophoblast cells surrounding the foci of the hemorrhage. [ 1 ]
gestational uterine corpus choriocarcinoma: Human disease mediastinum choriocarcinoma: Human disease vulvar squamous cell carcinoma with tumor giant cells: Human disease gastric choriocarcinoma: A malignant germ cell tumor that arises from the stomach. It is characterized by the presence of syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast cellular ...
Angiomatous (vascular) type : This is the most common type of choriocarcinoma. It is distinguished by the presence of numerous small blood vessels. Degenerative type : This is the mature type with degenerative changes. Each type is believed to represent a phase of tumor development. Chorioangioma has no malignant potential.