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Whose soever sins ye remit, they are remitted unto them; and whose soever sins ye retain, they are retained. The modern World English Bible translates the passage as: Whoever's sins you forgive, they are forgiven them. Whoever's sins you retain, they have been retained. For a collection of other versions see BibleHub John 20:23
Augustine: Whoever does not forgive him that in true sorrow seeks forgiveness, let him not suppose that his sins are by any means forgiven of the Lord. [4] Cyprian: For no excuse will abide you in the day of judgment, when you will be judged by your own sentence, and as you have dealt towards others, will be dealt with yourself. [4]
To be pious one must forgive one's fellows as God forgives all. This verse presupposes universal sinfulness. Everyone, no matter how holy, has sins that need to be forgiven The patristic scholar Henry Chadwick says that Matthew 6:12 refers to Sirach 28:2 ("Forgive your neighbor a wrong, and then, when you petition, your sins will be pardoned ...
Whoever speaks a word against the Son of Man will be forgiven, but whoever speaks against the Holy Spirit will not be forgiven, either in this age or in the age to come." [7] Mark 3:28–30: [12] "Truly I tell you, people will be forgiven for their sins and whatever blasphemies they utter; but whoever blasphemes against the Holy Spirit can ...
Whose sins you forgive, they are forgiven; and whose sins you shall retain, they are retained". [8] The early Church Fathers understood that the power of forgiving and retaining sins was communicated to the Apostles and to their lawful successors, the bishops and priests, for the reconciling of the faithful who have fallen after baptism. [9]
In the Synod of Jerusalem the Orthodox Bishops reaffirmed its belief in Seven Sacraments, among them Penance, which Jesus Christ is believed to have established when he said to the Apostles on the evening of His Resurrection: "Whose sins you shall forgive they are forgiven them, and whose sins you shall retain they are retained." [20]
Chrysostom: " Above, He said to the paralytic, Thy sins are forgiven thee, not, I forgive thee thy sins; but now when the Scribes made resistance, He shows the greatness of His power by saying, The Son of Man hath power on earth to forgive sins. And to show that He was equal to the Father, He said not that the Son of Man needed any to forgive ...
1) Because sin, as an enemy of God, and much further away from God than is a paralytic or any created thing, because these are in themselves good. The goodness of God is opposed by sin and is repugnant to God. 2) Remission of sins is something above the natural order, for it is concerned with the supernatural order of grace.