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The null coalescing operator is a binary operator that is part of the syntax for a basic conditional expression in several programming languages, such as (in alphabetical order): C# [1] since version 2.0, [2] Dart [3] since version 1.12.0, [4] PHP since version 7.0.0, [5] Perl since version 5.10 as logical defined-or, [6] PowerShell since 7.0.0, [7] and Swift [8] as nil-coalescing operator.
It originally comes from CPL, in which equivalent syntax for e 1 ? e 2 : e 3 was e 1 → e 2, e 3. [1] [2] Although many ternary operators are possible, the conditional operator is so common, and other ternary operators so rare, that the conditional operator is commonly referred to as the ternary operator.
If-then-else flow diagram A nested if–then–else flow diagram. In computer science, conditionals (that is, conditional statements, conditional expressions and conditional constructs) are programming language constructs that perform different computations or actions or return different values depending on the value of a Boolean expression, called a condition.
a == b and b == c, but a != c), or make certain values be equal to their own negation. [2] A strict equality operator is also often available in those languages, returning true only for values with identical or equivalent types (in PHP, 4 === "4" is false although 4 == "4" is true).
void Increment (ref int x, int dx = 1) {x += dx;} int x = 0; Increment (ref x); // dx takes the default value of 1 Increment (ref x, 2); // dx takes the value 2 In addition, to complement optional parameters, it is possible to explicitly specify parameter names in method calls, allowing to selectively pass any given subset of optional ...
Shell variables, created using the set or @ statements, are internal to C shell. They are not passed to child processes. Shell variables can be either simple strings or arrays of strings. Some of the shell variables are predefined and used to control various internal C shell options, e.g., what should happen if a wildcard fails to match anything.
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{{#ifeq: 2.5 | 2+.5 | equal | not equal }} → not equal (arithmetic!) {{#ifeq: 2*10^3 | 2000 | equal | not equal }} → not equal (arithmetic!) {{#ifeq: 2E3 | 2000 | equal | not equal }} → equal. As seen in the 4th and 5th examples, mathematical expressions are not evaluated. They are treated as regular strings. But #expr can be used to ...