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Triploid syndrome, also called triploidy, is a chromosomal disorder in which a fetus has three copies of every chromosome instead of the normal two. If this occurs in only some cells, it is called mosaic triploidy and is less severe. Most embryos with triploidy miscarry early in development.
Almost all diploid-triploid individuals who are phenotypically female have the karyotype 46,XX/69,XXX, but a case has been reported where a 46,XX/69,XXY individual developed as phenotypically female. [2] Triploidy is distinct from trisomy, in which only one chromosome exists in three pairs. [3]
This XXY chromosome arrangement is one of the most common genetic variations from the XY karyotype, occurring in approximately one in 500 live male births. [ 4 ] [ 14 ] [ 37 ] In mammals with more than one X chromosome, the genes on all but one X chromosome are not expressed; this is known as X inactivation .
Polyploidy occurs in humans in the form of triploidy, with 69 chromosomes (sometimes called 69, XXX), and tetraploidy with 92 chromosomes (sometimes called 92, XXXX). Triploidy, usually due to polyspermy, occurs in about 2–3% of all human pregnancies and ~15% of miscarriages.
XYY syndrome, also known as Jacobs syndrome, is an aneuploid genetic condition in which a male has an extra Y chromosome. [1] There are usually few symptoms. [2] These may include being taller than average and an increased risk of learning disabilities.
Turner syndrome (TS), commonly known as 45,X, or 45,X0, [note 1] is a chromosomal disorder in which female cells have only one X chromosome instead of two, or are partially missing an X chromosome (sex chromosome monosomy) leading to the complete or partial deletion of the pseudoautosomal regions (PAR1, PAR2) in the affected X chromosome.
Over 130 years after his gruesome murders in East London, England, the descendants of his victims are looking to unmask the identity of the serial killer popularly known as Jack the Ripper. The ...
Sex chromosome anomalies belong to a group of genetic conditions that are caused or affected by the loss, damage or addition of one or both sex chromosomes (also called gonosomes). In humans this may refer to: 45, X, also known as Turner syndrome; 45,X/46,XY mosaicism, also known as X0/XY mosaicism and mixed gonadal dysgenesis; 46, XX/XY